Classification/Taxonomy
Chapter 17
The Three-Domain System
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There are 3 Domains:
– Domain Bacteria
– Domain Archaea
– Domain Eukarya
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There are 6 Kingdoms:
1. Eubacteria 2. Archaebacteria 3. Protista
4. Fungi
5. Plantae
6. Animalia
The Three-Domain System
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There are 3 Domains:
– Domain Bacteria
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•
•
Kingdom Eubacteria
Unicellular/Prokaryotes
Cell walls have Peptidoglycan
– Domain Archaea
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•
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Kingdom Archaebacteria
Unicellular/Prokaryotes
Cell walls withOUT Peptidoglycan
– Domain Eukarya
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Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
-
Unicellular Prokaryote
Cell walls with Peptidoglycan
All other bacteria you encounter everyday
E. coli
Staphlycoccus
Streptococcus
Domain Archaea
Kingdom Archaebacteria
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Unicellular Prokaryote
Cell walls withOUT Peptidoglycan
Extremophiles – Love extreme environments
like volcanoes, hydrothermal vents, and hot springs
Archaea
Hydrothermal Vent
Hot Spring
Volcano
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
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Video Clip: Amoeba
Unicellular or Multicellular
Live in colonies
Amoeba
Euglena
Paramecium
3 Categories of Protista
1. Plant-like
A. Example: Algae
B. Perform photosynthesis (autotrophs)
2. Animal-like
A. Example: Amoeba
B. Can cause disease (malaria, sleeping sickness)
3. Fungus-like
A. Example: Slime molds
Plant-like Protists
–Algae
•Photosynthetic (autotrophic)
–Euglena
•Live in shallow water
•Photosynthetic (autotrophic)
•Can also be heterotrophic when light not available
»Absorb nutrients
»Ingest other organisms
Animal-like Protists
–Also called Protozoans
–4 Types
1. Ciliates (Example: Paramecium)
2. Sarcodina (Example: Amoeba)
Amoebas move by pseudopods (“false
feet” formed by streaming cytoplasm)
3. Zooflagellates
4. Sporozoans
Fungi-like Protists
Slime Mold
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
- Unicellular or Multicellular
- Cell walls made of Chitin
- Heterotrophs….they eat!
Yeast
Mushrooms
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
- Can reproduce sexually & asexually
- Usually reproduce asexually
- Yeast reproduce asexually by budding
- However, under unfavorable conditions (such
as drought) fungi reproduce sexually
Kingdom Fungi
•Hyphae
•Thread-like structures which form all parts of the fungus
•Main function is to help fungus obtain food – provide large
surface area for absorption of nutrients
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Plantae
- Multicellular
- Cell walls made of Cellulose
- Autotrophs….make their own food
Trees & Grass
Moss
Venus Fly Trap
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
- Multicellular
- NO cell walls
- Heterotrophs….they eat
Worms
Insects
Jellyfish
Giraffes
6 Kingdoms
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Unicellular
Unicellular
Unicellular,
Multicellular,
Colonial
Peptidoglycan
No Peptidoglycan
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Most common
bacteria
E. ecoli
Autotroph or
heterotroph
“Ancient Bacteria” Includes Algae
Live in very hot
places
Pyrococcus furiosus
“Junk Drawer"
Paramecium
Fungi
Eukaryote
Plantae
Animalia
Eukaryote
Eukaryote
Unicellular
Multicellular Multicellular
(Yeast),
Multicellular
Chitin
Cellulose
No Cell Wall
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Release
enzymes to
digest food
Chloroplasts
Includes
humans
H. coccinea
Fern
Homo sapiens
The End.