CLASSIFICATION
NOTES
Classification- A grouping
of objects or information
based on similarities
Taxonomy- the branch of
biology concerned with the
grouping & naming of
organisms
Aristotle:384-322 BC
First method of classification
2 major groups
Plants - size & structure
Animals - where they lived
(land or water)
Linnaeus: 1707 - 1778
Still used today
Based on physical characteristics,
close relationships
7 Levels of classification
1. Kingdom
2. Phylum
3. Class
4. Order
5. Family
6. Genus
7. Species
King Phillip Came Over
From Great Scotland
Taxon: a group at any level of
organization.
Figure 18-5 Classification of Ursus arctos
Section 18-1
Polar bear
Black bear
Giant
panda
Red fox
Coral Sea star
Abert
squirrel snake
KINGDOM Animalia
PHYLUM Chordata
CLASS Mammalia
ORDER Carnivora
FAMILY Ursidae
GENUS Ursus
SPECIES Ursus arctos
Go to
Section:
Binomial nomenclature: System
that gives each organism 2 names
Genus: 1st word, always capitalized.
Group of closely related species
species: 2nd word, lowercase.
descriptive (latinized)
Ex-Eurycea bislineata-2 line salamander
common name varies from place to place
• http://www.search.com/reference/Wile_E._
Coyote_and_Road_Runner
Domain Archaea
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Prokaryotes - No nucleus or membranebound organelles
Cell walls without peptidoglycan
Unicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Examples: Methanogens, Halophiles
Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Prokaryotes
Cell walls with peptidoglycan
No nucleus or membrane bound
Organelles
Unicellular
Autotroph or Heterotroph
E. Coli and Streptococcus
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
Eukaryotic
Cell walls in SOME (plantlike) with
cellulose with chloroplasts
Most are Unicellular some Multicellular
Autotroph or heterotroph
Paramecium, Kelp, Euglena
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
Eukaryote
Cell wall with chitin, nucleus and
membrane-bound organelles-no
chloroplasts
Most are multicellular
Heterotroph
Eats by absorbing nutrients
Mushrooms, yeasts
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Plantae
Eukaryotes
Cell walls with cellulose, have
chloroplasts
Multicellular
Autotroph
Mosses, ferns, trees, flowering plants
Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Eukaryote
No cell wall or chloroplasts
Have specialized systems
Multicellular
Heterotroph
sponges, worms, insects, fish
1. This kingdom contains all
autotrophic organisms.
2. The term autotrophic refers
to…
3. The opposite of autotrophic is…
4. These organisms contain the
material chitin…
5. These kingdoms contain
prokaryotic cells…
6. Which is the most general of
Linnaeus’ seven taxa?
7. If 2 organisms are in the same
kingdom, must they belong to
the same phylum?
8. If several organisms contain
the same class characteristics,
must they belong to the same
phylum?
9. Linnaeus’ 2 name system is
called…
10.The most specific part of a
scientific name is the…
11. If 2 organisms belong to the
same order, must they belong to
the same family?
12.In the scientific name the first
letter of the ___ must be
capitalized.
13. The scientific name must be
____ or italicized.