NAME_________________________________
CP REVIEW SHEET FOR 11-12 FINAL EXAM
COMPLETION OF THE ENTIRE REVIEW PACKET IS WORTH 60 POINTS. IT IS
POSSIBLE TO IMPROVE YOUR FINAL EXAM GRADE BY RECEIVING 60 OUT OF 60
POINTS!!! Must be in your handwriting.
MITOSIS
Overview or
purpose of mitosis
Definition of
mitosis.
How many cells are
produced in end?
What happens to
the chromosome
number?
Major differences
between animal and
plant mitosis
Name the stages of
mitosis in order of
occurrence and
briefly what
happens in each
step
Define cytokinesis
and compare plant
and animal
CELL CYCLE
Parts of cell cycle
Order of stages
What happens in
each stage
S Phase
G phases
Interphase
Is the longest part
of cell cycle, but
really not a part of
mitosis Consists of
G1 S and G2
How does cell cycle
relate to cancer?
What role do
mutations play in
cancer?
Prevention and
treatments for
cancer.
Carcinogens and
mutagens
Define
angiogenesis and
metastasis
MEIOSIS
What is the purpose
of meiosis?
What does meiosis
produce?
diploid (notation
and definition)
haploid (notation
and definition)
chromosome
number in sex cell
chromosome
number in body cell
chromosome
number in zygote
Define gametes
What does
fertilization do to
the chromosome
number?
GENETICS
Who is Gregor
Mendel and for what
is he most known?
organism Mendel
used
Define a dominant
trait.
Define a recessive
trait.
What is a
homozygous
genotype and give
example?
What is
heterozygous
genotype and give
example?
What is an allele?
Complete the
following crosses:
TT x TT,
punnett &
results
tt x tt
Tt x Tt
Tt x TT
Tt x tt
Define F1
generation.
Define F2 definition.
What is a test cross
and why would you
do one? Give an
example.
What is a
genotype?
What is a
phenotype?
Cross BbRr x BbRr
Show Punnett,
and Phenotype
Ratio results
DNA/PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
Name the bases of
DNA
Name the bases of
RNA
mRNA travels from
_____ to _______ in
the cell.
What is the job of
tRNA?
What is the job of
mRNA?
Use CATGGC for
the following
questions
Write the
complementary
DNA strand
Write the mRNA
strand
Translate into
amino acids using
the genetic code
sheet from your
notes.
Use CATGGC for
the following
questions
Show a base
deletion. What is
the result in the
protein?
Do a single base
substitution. What
is the result in the
protein?
Who are Watson
and Crick?
Define
transcription.
Define translation.
Define DNA
replication and
know basic steps
using the two
main enzymes
(DNA polymerase
and DNA helicase).
Define a mutation.
What is polyploidy?
What is
nondisjunction?
What is a
translocation?
What is a
chromosomal
insertion?
Name the cause of
Down’s syndrome
What are the # of
chromosomes in
Down’s
Which chromosome
is involved with
Down’s
What is Sickle cell
anemia and how is
it inherited
Describe Turner
Syndrome and the
problem with
chromosomes.
Describe
Klinefelters and the
problem with
chromosomes.
COMPLEX INHERITANCE
What is incomplete
dominance?
Show an example.
If you cross
incomplete
dominant red
flowers with white
flowers, what do
you get?
What are sex linked
traits and give 2
examples from
notes?
Which gender
inherits sex linked
trait more? Why?
How does a child
inherit a disease if
the parents do not
have it?
Which type is the
universal blood
donor?
Which type is the
universal blood
recipient?
Cross AB x O
Cross O x O
Cross BO x AO
ECOLOGY
What is an
ecosystem?
Define food chain?
Describe the
following
community
interactions, with
examples:
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Predator /Prey
Competition
Define Competition
exclusions and give
an example.
Energy pyramid
Predator
What do Herbivores
eat?
What do Carnivores
eat?
What do Omnivores
eat?
Define habitat.
What is a
community?
What is a niche?
What is ecology?
What is the
importance of
decomposers and
name 3 examples?
What are pioneer
organisms in
ecological
succession and
name 2.
What are lichens?
Draw a generic food
chain with labels
showing 4 trophic
levels
What is the
Greenhouse effect
and why is it
significant?
Gases of global
warming
Cycles like water
cycle, nitrogen
cycle, etc.
ORIGIN OF LIFE
What is
spontaneous
generation/abiogen
esis?
What is biogenesis?
Miller + Fox + Urey
experiments- what
were they trying to
explain/prove?
Describe simple lab
set up of Redi and
conclusion.
Describe simple lab
set up of
experiment of
Pasteur and
conclusion.
What does
heterotroph
hypothesis attempt
to explain?
Name the 4
primitive Earth
gases.
What important gas
was missing from
the primitive
atmosphere?
How were first
amino acids
produced on earth?
How was life first
produced on earth
according to
heterotroph
hypothesis?
VIRUSES
How viruses repro?
What are RNA
viruses are called
that do reverse
transcription?
Describe the lytic
cycle.
Describe the
lysogenic cycle.
Draw and label 2
parts of a basic
bacteriophage
virus.
What is the cure for
a virus?
How could you
prevent a viral
infection?
What prescription
works on bacteria,
but not viruses?
Name an infamous
retrovirus.
What is a provirus?
BACTERIA
3 basic shapes of
bacteria, draw and
label
Define prokaryote
and give examples.
What are the two
domains that
prokaryotes fall into
and what are the
basic
characteristics of
each.
Why is it dangerous
to use antibiotics
incorrectly?
What is the function
of the capsule in
bacteria.
What is the function
of the pilli function
on bacteria
What is a Petri dish
used for?
Give an example of
at least three
pathogenic
bacterium.
Name three ways
bacteria are
important to life and
humans.
Name and describe
TWO was that
bacteria increase
their genetic
variation.
Define
Chemosynthesis.
EVOLUTION AND TAXONOMY
Describe the Theory
of Natural Selection.
Who is responsible
for publishing about
natural selection?
Describe Lamarck’s
theories about
evolution. Why
were his theories
replaced by
Darwin’s?
Describe the giraffe
necks according to
Lamarck.
Describe the
giraffes according
to Darwin.
The Latin name for
an amoeba is
Amoeba
proteus. What does
the first word
represent? The
second word?
Name 2 domains.
Name 4 kingdoms.
Name 1 genus.
Name 1 species.
Define “vestigial”
and give 1 example.
Define
“homologous
structure” and give
1 example.
Define “analogous
structure” and give
1 example.
If two organisms
are in the same
phylum, do they
have to be in the
same kingdom?
If two organisms
are in the same
kingdom, do they
have to be in the
same phylum?
Describe how
natural selection
occurs.
Give 1 example.
Describe artificial
selection and give 1
example.
SHORT ANSWER TOPICS
YOU WILL CHOOSE 5 OUT OF THE FOLLOWING 8 TOPICS.
Each question is worth 10 points totaling 50 points for this section.
1. Cross involving colorblindness which is a sex-linked trait found on the X
chromosome. (punnett squares, %, etc.)
2. Cancer- how it forms, cell cycle, prevention, treatments
3. Bacteria- reproduction and ways bacteria can increase their genetic variation,
helpfulness, how they harm
4. Adaptation and survival- natural selection how it occurs, fitness, variation. Be able
to relate adaptations to their environment and make predictions.
5. Food web and how it works, be able to explain the significance of the different
trophic levels and how the energy moves through the food web.
6. Age structure diagrams of developed and undeveloped countries (double
histograms) be able to make predictions and explain how you made those
predictions.
7. Community interactions and relationships- predation, mutualism, parasitism,
commensalism, competition be able to define, compare and contrast and give
examples.
8. Antibiotic resistance. Explain how antibiotic resistance is becoming a
problem. You must incorporate the idea of natural selection and explain this fully.