Periodic Table of The Elements
http://www.chemicalelements.com
Group VII – The Halogens
The halogens are five non-metallic
elements found in group 7 of the
periodic table. The term "halogen"
means "salt-former" and compounds
containing halogens are called "salts".
All halogens have 7 electrons in their
outer shells, giving them an oxidation
number of -1. The halogens exist, at
room temperature, in all three states of
matter
Solids: Iodine and Astatine
Liquids: Bromine
Gases: Fluorine and Chlorine
Basic Information
Name: Fluorine
Symbol: F
Atomic Number: 9
Atomic Mass: 18.998404 amu
Melting Point: -219.62 °C (53.530006 °K, 363.31598 °F)
Boiling Point: -188.14 °C (85.01 °K, -306.652
°F)
Number of Protons/Electrons: 9
Number of Neutrons: 10
Classification: Halogen
Crystal Structure: Cubic
Density @ 293 K: 1.696 g/cm3
Color: Greenish
Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Fluorine. Jun. 3, 2002
<http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/f.html>.
Basic Information
Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com Chlorine. Jun. 3, 2002
<http://www.chemicalelements.com/eleme
nts/cl.html>.
Name: Chlorine
Symbol: Cl
Atomic Number: 17
Atomic Mass: 35.4527 amu
Melting Point: -100.98 °C (172.17 °K, 149.764 °F)
Boiling Point: -34.6 °C (238.55 °K, 30.279997 °F)
Number of Protons/Electrons: 17
Number of Neutrons: 18
Classification: Halogen
Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic
Density @ 293 K: 3.214 g/cm3
Color: green
Facts about Bromine:
1. Bromine is a red liquid at
room temperature.
2. It is only one of three liquid
elements at room temperature.
3. It is abundant in the ocean.
4. It was discovered by Antoine
J. Balard
Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Bromine.
Jun. 3, 2002
<http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/br.h
tml>.
5.The name of the elements is
from the Greek word bromos
(stench)
Iodine is a bluish-black, lustrous solid. It evaporates at
room temperatures into a pretty blue-violet gas with an
irritating odor.
It forms compounds with most elements, but is less
reactive than the other halogens, which displace it from
iodides. Iodine exhibits some metallic-like properties. It
dissolves readily in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or
carbon disulfide to form beautiful purple solutions. It is
only slightly soluble in water. Iodine compounds are
important in organic chemistry and very useful in
medicine and photography. Lack of iodine is the cause of
goitre. The deep blue colour with starch solution is
characteristic of the free element. It is used by seaweeds
from which it may be recovered, and is found in Chilean
saltpeter, caliche, old salt brines, and salt wells.
http://webelements.com
as·ta·tine (1947):
a radioactive halogen element
discovered by bombarding
bismuth with alpha particles and
also formed by radioactive
decay
Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Astatine. Jun. 3, 2002
<http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/at.html>.
Facts
Date of Discovery: 1940
Discoverer: D.R. Corson
Name Origin: From the Greek
word astatos (unstable)
Uses: No uses known
Obtained From: Man-made