Naming acids
covalent/molecular
compounds
Ch. 2 in book
Rules for naming acids
1. Binary Acid (like a simple ionic cpd)
Prefix hydro + nonmetal root + suffix -ic +
(separate word) acid
Ex) HCl = hydro + chlor + ic + acid =
hydrochloric acid
2. Oxoacid (like naming with oxoanions but…)
-ate becomes -ic in the acid
-ite becomes -ous in acid
Ex) HBrO4 is perbromic acid
Acids practice
HBr
HIO3
HCN
HNO3
Hydrobromic acid
Iodic acid
Hydrocyanic acid
Nitric acid
Rules for naming molecules
Two nonmetals:
1. Lower group number 1st-except
oxygen and halogen-halogen 1st
2. If in same group higher period 1st
3. 2nd element named root with -ide
4. USE GREEK! Greek prefixes for how
much of each compound- 1st number
only needs if +1
Greek prefixes
1-mono
2-di
3-tri
4-tetra
5-penta
6-hexa
7-hepta
8-octa
9-nona
10-deca
Molecules practice
PCl5
Formula for
carbon disulfide
Name and formula
for cpd with 2-N
and 4-O
Phosphorus
pentachloride
CS2
Dinitrogen
tetraoxide
– N2O4
If there is a hydrogen in the
middle…
Example) NaHCO3
How would you name it otherwise?
– Ionic: m/PAI
Same but add hydrogen (use prefix if +1)
Name: sodium hydrogen carbonate
Practice: KH2PO4
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate