Naming Acids and Bases Guided Notes
How to recognize and name acids and bases:
ACIDS
Acids usually start with ________________as the cation.
Binary acid: contain ___________elements and ________oxygen and is the _____state.
Oxyacid: contain _________ than 2 elements and usually has ___________
Questions to ask when naming acids:
1. Is there any ______________present
2. Is there a _________________ ion?
3. What is the __________ of the polyatomic ion?
Options –
1. If the answer to question 1 is NO, then the acid will be named as:
Hydro(anion root)ic
acid
An example: HCl – hydrochloric acid
HCN – hydrocyanic acid
2. If the answer to questions 1 and 2 are yes, then the acid will be named according to the
following pattern:
A. Take the name of the _______________anion
B. If the name ends in –_______ change the ending to –_____
C. If the name ends in –_______, change the ending to –_____
D. Add “_____________” to the end of the name
An example: H2SO3 – sulfurous acid
******* sulfur and phosphorus add syllables, the others drop the ending
HNO3 – nitric acid
PRACTICE:
1. H2CO3
2. HBr
3. HClO4
BASES
A typical base ends in –_____
Steps for naming bases –
1. Name the _____________ first (usually a metal)
*2. Stock numbers may be necessary
3. End the name with “_______________________”
An example: Ca(OH)2 – calcium hydroxide
Practice:
1. NaOH
2. NH4OH
3. Fe(OH)3
Mixed Practice:
1. HI
2. CuOH
3. HBrO3
4. Sr(OH)2
5. KOH
6. H3PO4