Rules for Naming and Writing Compounds:
Determine Type of Bond in Compound
Nonmetal with Nonmetal =
Covalent
Naming
Compound:
Write names of
each element with
prefix in front that
expresses the
number of each
type of atom.
Writing
Formula:
Prefix identifies
number of each
type of atom.
Nonmetal with Metal =
Ionic
Naming
Compound:
1) First name is
element's name.
2)Second name is
element's name;
change ending -ide.
3)Transition metals
need Roman
numerals.
Writing
Formula:
1)Write ions' charges.
2) "Criss-Cross"
3) Simplify.
**Watch out for Polyatomic Ions! (3 or more elements) Ignore other rules and use your cheat sheet for these.**
Polyatomic Ions
-1
C2H3O2
C7H5O2
CN
NO2
NO3
MnO4
ClO
ClO2
ClO3
ClO4
BrO
BrO2
BrO3
BrO4
IO
IO2
IO3
IO4
SCN
OH
HS
HCO3
HSO3
HSO4
H2PO4
HC2O4
HC8H4O4
+1
-2
Acetate
Benzoate
Cyanide
Nitrite
Nitrate
Permanganate
Hypochlorite
Chlorite
Chlorate
Perchlorate
Hypobromite
Bromite
Bromate
Perbromate
Hypoiodite
Iodite
Iodate
Periodite
Thiocyanate
Hydroxide
Bisulfide
(Hydrogen Sulfide)
Bicarbonate
(Hydrogen carbonate)
Bisulfite
(Hydrogen sulfite)
Bisulfate
(Hydrogen sulfate)
Dihydrogen phosphate
Bioxalate
(Hydrogen oxalate)
Biphthalate
(Hydrogen Phthalate)
CO3
CrO4
Cr2O7
C2O4
O2
SiO3
SO3
SO4
S2O3
HPO4
Carbonate
Chromate
Dichromate
Oxolate
Peroxide
Silicate
Sulfite
Sulfate
Thiosulfate
(mono)Hydrogen phosphate
NH4
H3O
Ammonium
Hydronium
-3
AsO3
AsO4
BO3
PO3
PO4
Fe(CN)6
Arsenite
Arsenate
Borate
Phosphite
Phosphate
Ferricyanide
-4
Fe(CN)6
P2O7
SiO4
Ferryocyanide
Pyrophosphate
Orthosilicate
Other Information
Charges of Common Ions
+1
+2
+3
-4
-3
-2
-1
H
Li
Na
K
Rb
Cs
Fr
Be
Mg
Ca
Sr
Ba
Ra
Al
Ga
C
N
P
As
O
S
Se
Te
F
Cl
Br
I
At
H
Roman Numerals
I
1
II
2
III
3
IV
4
Covalent Prefixes
1
mono2
di3
tri4
tetra5
penta6
hexa7
hepta8
octa9
nona10
deca-