AP EXAM REVIEW SESSION - CELL ENERGY
ASSESSMENT QUIZ
1. Which is true of aerobic respiration but not true of anaerobic respiration?
a. CO2 is required
b. ATP is produced
c. Water is produced
d. Alcohol is produced
e. Pyruvate is produced
2. Which is true about photosynthesis?
a. Water provides replacement electrons for the light-dependent reactions.
b. The light-dependent reactions occur in the stroma.
c. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the light reactions.
d. The product of photophosphorylation is PGAL.
e. The photosystems on which photosynthesis depends are located in the stroma membranes.
3. Which is a component of a molecule of chlorophyll?
a. iron
b. copper
c. magnesium
d. calcium
e. phosphorus
4. Which of the following occurs during the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis?
a. photolysis
b. ATP is produced
c. oxygen is released
d. carbon is reduced
e. CO2 is released
5. Muscle cells in oxygen deprivation convert pyruvate to _____ and during this process gain _____.
a. lactate; ATP
b. alcohol; CO2
c. lactate; NAD+
d. lactate; NADH
e. alcohol; ATP
6. Which of the following stimuli will cause the stomata to remain open?
a. the secretion of abscisic acid
b. decrease in turgor pressure in the guard cells
c. low humidity levels
d. high solute concentration outside of the guard cells
e. active transport of K+ ions into the guard cells
7. Where could this structure be found?
a. thylakoid membrane
b. cell membrane
c. inner mitochondrial membrane
d. a and c are correct
e. a, b, and c are correct
8. Which of the following would have the most profound effect on the normal functioning of this mechanism?
a. blocking the formation of microtubules
b. allowing protons to diffuse through the membrane
c. closing the stomata of a plant
d. increasing the concentration of CO2
e. increasing the release of a neurotransmitter
9. Carbon dioxide can be used as a measure of photosynthetic rate because carbon dioxide is
a. consumed during the light reactions of photosynthesis
b. consumed during the dark reactions of photosynthesis
c. used to trap photons, the form of energy in sunlight
d. necessary for the production of ATP in oxidative phosphorylation
e. produced when fermentation takes place
10. In photosynthesis, most ATP is produced as a result of which of the following processes?
a. the light reactions
b. carbon fixation
c. the splitting of carbon dioxide
d. the dark reactions
e. the Calvin cycle
11. Which of the following is the best reason the curve for the absorbency of light by chlorophyll a does not perfectly match the
rate of photosynthesis?
a. The rate of photosynthesis is always fractionally slower that the rate of absorbency by chlorophyll a?
b. The rate of photosynthesis is always fractionally faster than the rate of absorbency by chlorophyll a?
c. There are fewer chlorophyll a molecules in the cell than the other molecules involved in photosynthesis, so
chlorophyll a is the rate-limiting reagent.
d. Chlorophyll a is not the only photosynthetically pigment important in chloroplasts.
e. Light of about 550 nm inhibits all photosynthesis.
12. Each NAD molecule carrying hydrogen to the electron transport chain can produce how many molecules of ATP?
a. 0
d. 32
b. 1.5
e. impossible to determine
c. 2.5
Match the following terms with the descriptions below. A term may be used more than once.
a. electron transport chain
b. chemiosmosis
c. glycolysis
d. citric acid cycle
e. light reactions
13. Drives the synthesis of ATP through a hydrogen ion gradient
14. Occurs in all living cells and is the starting point for aerobic respiration and fermentation
15. Shuttles electrons and releases energy that is used to make ATP
………………………….
16. The Krebs cycle in humans occurs in the
a. cytoplasm
b. mitochondrial matrix
c. inner mitochondrial membrane
d. outer mitochondrial membrane
e. intermembrane space
17. If a photosynthesizing plant began to release 18 O2 instead of normal oxygen, one could most reasonably conclude
that the plant had been supplied with
a. H2O containing radioactive oxygen
b. CO2 containing radioactive oxygen
c. glucose containing radioactive oxygen
d. NO2 containing radioactive oxygen
e. oxygen from the atmosphere
18. The ATP produced during fermentation is generated by which of the following?
a. electron transport chain
d. chemiosmosis
b. substrate level phosphorylation
e. citric acid cycle
c. the Krebs cycle
19. Rubisco
a. captures CO2 from the atmosphere and converts it to two 3-carbon sugars.
b. transports H+ across the chloroplast membrane in chemiosmosis.
c. combines with CO2 to form oxaloacetate in C4 photosynthesis.
d. releases a molecule of CO2 as it is converted to pyruvate.
e. bonds to ATP and recovers PEP in the CAM pathway.
20. Crabgrass, corn, and sugar cane (C4 plants) are adapted to higher temperatures because
a. CO2 is obtained during the day and incorporated into a 3-carbon compound.
b. they require fewer enzymes and have no specialized anatomy.
c. CO2 is converted to an acid and stored during the night, and later converted back into CO 2 during the daytime.
d. CO2 is first incorporated into a 4-carbon compound and then translocated into bundle sheath cells
e. photosynthesis can take place through the leaf and stem of the plant.
21. What is the function of A?
a. to transport sugar around the plants
b. to control what water enters the plant
c. to transport water
d. storage
e. glucose production
22. What is the function of C?
a. to transport sugar around the plants
b. to control what water enters the plant
c. to transport water
d. storage
e. glucose production
23. Which of the following is NOT a factor in the movement of water throughout a plant?
a. cohesion of water molecules throughout the stem
b. adhesion of water molecules to the xylem walls
c. higher water potential at the surface of the leaf than in the air
d. high concentration of solutes in the xylem sap than in the root cells
e. higher water potential in the root hairs than the surrounding soil
24. The function of the Casparian strip is to
a. divide and develop lateral roots
b. prevent the passage of water between adjacent cell walls
c. conduct water and minerals across the width of the plant
d. support the xylem of the vascular cylinder
e. contain chloroplasts and photosynthesize
25. Most photosynthesis occurs in the
a. mesophyll
b. endodermis
c. cork cambium
d. tracheids
e. epidermis
FREE RESPONSE
ATP and GTP are primary sources of energy for biochemical reactions.
(a) Describe the structure of the ATP or the GTP molecule.
(b) Explain how chemiosmosis produces ATP.
(c) Describe TWO specific cell processes that require ATP and explain how ATP is used in each process.
(d) An energy pyramid for a marine ecosystem is shown below. Label each trophic level of the pyramid and provide an example of a
marine organism found at each level of this pyramid. Explain why the energy available at the top layer of the pyramid is a small
percentage of the energy present at the bottom of the pyramid.