CHAPTER 10 STUDY GUIDE REVIEW
Miss Colabelli
Mrs. McDonough
1. What occurs in each of the following stages?
a. Interphase: G1-growth, S – synthesis of DNA, replicating
chromosomes, G2 – growing, replication of organelles.
b. Prophase: organelles disappear, centrioles move to opposite
poles. Can see chromosomes.
c. Metaphase: Chromosomes line up at the equator, middle of the
cell.
d. Anaphase: Centromeres split and attach to the spindle fibers,
chromosomes pulled Apart.
e. Telophase: Chromosomes turn into chromatin, nuclear envelope
forms. Begin to see two nuclei.
f. Cytokinesis: cytoplasm splits into two equal parts, Plant cell has
a cell plate, Animal cell has a cleavage furrow.
2. Which stages occur during mitosis? Prophase,
Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
3. Which stage of the cell cycle does the cell spend most
of its time in? Why? Interphase because the cell is
growing and preparing for cell division.
4. What are the three stages of interphase and what do
they do? G1-cell growth, S-synthesis of DNA, G2 – cell
growth and organelle replication.
5. What are the spindle fibers made of and what do
they do? They are made of protein and they attach to
the centromere and move the chromosomes apart. The
centrioles make the spindle fibers.
6. Define binary fission. The reproduction
process of prokaryotic cells (cell division). Ex:
Bacteria
7. Define mitosis. The nucleus divides to make
two new nuclei. Middle part of the cell cycle.
8. How does cancer occur? When the cell does
not respond to internal and external
regulators and cyclins.
9. Compare cancer cells to regular functioning cells.
Cancer cells
Regular functioning cells
• Large number of dividing cells
•
Controlled diving cells
• Do not respond to regulators
•
Do respond to cyclins/regulators
• Coarse chromatin (dark nucleus)
•
Fine chromatin
• Little cytoplasm
•
A lot of cytoplasm
• Multiple nuclei/nucleoli
•
One nucleus/nucleolus
10. Draw each stage of the cell cycle and label the parts of the cell.
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
11.How do plant and animal cells differ in cytokinesis? Plant cell has
a cell plate which will eventually become the cell wall. Animal cell
has a cleavage furrow.
12.What is the difference between chromatin and chromatids?
Chromatin is very thin DNA, chromatids are condensed DNA
(chromatin condensed).
13.What is this structure? Label the picture.
• How is this structure important to cell division?
• Chromosomes are made up of DNA which codes for our
genetic information. They are important because they code
for each individual.