Name ______________________________ Period ______
The Chemical Basis for Life
Use the TextBook, PowerPoints and other resources to fill in the information in this packet.
1.1 - Matter & Organic Compounds
What is matter?
What is a chemical substance?
What is an element?
Examples:
Draw & label the 3 main parts of an atom & fill in the table:
Subatomic
Particle
Charge
Location
Mass
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Fill in the Venn diagram with a p, an e & an n in the proper spots:
charge
mass
1
What is an isotope?
How can they be used in science?
How do you read a periodic table? Identify the information in the block to the right.
6
C
Carbon
12.011
Pure elements might be fun…but most do not exist alone…
What is a chemical compound?
How can we show the composition of a compound? Use the water molecule as an example:
Molecular formula:
Structural formula:
Molecular model (you will need to build this and then draw in color below what you built; red is hydrogen,
white is oxygen):
How are atoms joined together to make chemical compounds?
2
The Significance of Carbon
Why is CARBON such an important element to living things on Earth?
Fill in the chart, showing four types of organic compounds, the elements that make them & some examples:
Type of Compound

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids
Elements
Examples
Monomers & Polymers
Make 2 sketches demonstrating the difference between a monomer & a polymer:
Monomer
Polymer
Explain how monomers are related to polymers.
Define the following terms:
 Dehydration synthesis
 Hydrolysis
3
Complete the Worksheet on dehydration synthesis & hydrolysis
Carbohydrates
General Characteristics
Monomers: ___________________________________________________________________
Ratio of elements: _____________________________
What is an isomer? _____________________________________________________________
Build a glucose molecular model; draw in color a replica of your glucose model below and then change
it into an isomer of glucose; draw in color a replica of this isomer below and label the isomer in the
space provided:
Label: Glucose________
Label: _____________________
Fill in the chart below:
Monosaccharides
Formula
Where found
Disaccharides
Formula
Where found
Polysaccharides
Where found
Function
4
Watch the KQED Quest video entitled “From Sugar to Energy” & answer the questions below:
We have been producing ethanol from corn kernels for years now. Describe what is being investigated in the
video and the benefits and possible problems of that process.
At the end of the video, one scientist says that we need more of a “silver shotgun” than a “silver bullet”. What
does he mean by that statement?
Lipids
Glycerol
Fatty
Acids
General Characteristics:
Monomers:
Hydrophobic means _________________________________________
Circle the answer: Are lipids polar or non-polar?
Are lipids soluble in water?
Functions:
5
Polar
Non-Polar
Yes
No
Fill in the chart below:
Type of Lipid
Characteristics
Where found
Triglycerides
Saturated
Unsaturated
Phospholipids
Steroids
Proteins
General Characteristics
Functions:
Monomers - label the parts of the model below:
Name the parts of the general chemical structure of an amino acid.
What kind of bond holds amino acids together? _______________________________________
6
Protein Structures:
Primary structure - ______________________________________________________________
Secondary structure - ____________________________________________________________
Tertiary structure - ______________________________________________________________
Quaternary structure - ___________________________________________________________
7
Denaturation
Definition: the change in _________________________________________________________
without ______________________________________________________________________;
is ___________________________________________________________________________;
changes or halts ________________________________________________________________.
Is caused by ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Nucleic Acids
General Characteristics
Functions:
Monomers
Nucleotides – made of what three parts:
Draw a nucleotide below:
Draw a line to match the monomer on the left to the organic compound macromolecule on the right.
Fatty acids and glycerol
Monosaccharide
Nucleotide
Amino Acid
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
Draw a line to match the polymer on the left to the organic compound macromolecule on the right
DNA
Enzyme
Triglyceride
Polysaccharide
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
8
Fill in the missing information in the table below:
Organic
Compounds
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Component
Elements
Monomer
Examples
Function
Special
Information
(EX: Foods
found in)
9
Proteins
Nucleic
Acids