Name: ____________________________
TOPIC 1: Biochemistry and the Molecules of Life
Please use the Council Rock Video podcast to guide you
1. What does it mean for a compound to be organic?
Contain carbon and hydrogen
2. Water is (circle one) polar / nonpolar because the electrons are not evenly shared.
3. What two properties of water are mentioned?
a. Water is less dense at lower temperatures
b. Cohesion and adhesion (Hydrogen bonding)
4. What is the difference between a monomer and polymer?
A monomer is a single subunit (building block). A polymer is two or more linked monomers.
5. Dehydration synthesis _removes___ water to __form______ a bond, while hydrolysis _adds_____ water to
___break________ a bond.
6. Carbohydrates have a _1__: _2__: _1__ ratio of the elements C:H:O. Carbohydrates are the main
___energy___________ source for a cell.
7. What are the two monomers of lipids?
a. glycerol
b. Fatty acids
8. Lipids make up the majority of the cell __membrane____________.
9. Nucleic acids have the following elements: ___C, H, O, P, N_____________________. Nucleic acids store our
________genetic information______ _______________.
10. Amino acids (the monomers of a protein are made up of what three parts?
a. Amino group
b. Carboxyl group
c. R group
11. How do enzymes act as biological catalysts?
Lower activation energy of reactions, thereby speeding them up.
Macromolecule
Carbohydrates
Elements
CHO
Monomer and polymer
Monosaccharide/ polysaccharide
Lipids
CH and a little O
Glycerol and fatty acid/lipid
Nucleic acids
CHOPN
Proteins
CHOSN
Nucleotide / nucleic acid
Amino acid /polypeptide or
protein
Biology Keystone Review—2012-2013
Roles
Quick/main source of energy
Long-term source of energy;
cell membrane
Genetic material
Structure and enzymes
Name: _____________________________________
TOPIC 2: Cells and Cellular Organization
Please use the Khan Academy Parts of a Cell video to guide you
1. What structure defines a cell? _______cell membrane__(plasma membrane)_____________________
2. What do we a call an organism that does have a nucleus? ______eukaryote_____________________
What do we call an organism that does not have a nucleus? _____prokaryote____________________
3. What are two examples of prokaryotes? ____Eubacteria__________________ ____Archaebacteria__________
4. What are three types of eukaryotes? ________________ ___________________ ____________________
5. Ribosomes help to make _proteins________________ for the cell
6. The fluid in the cells is called the ___cytosol______________ (aka cytoplasm)
7. The Endoplasmic reticulum connects to the _Golgi______________ Bodies
8. The section of the Endoplasmic Reticulum with attached ribosomes is called the __rough_________ ER
The section of the Endoplasmic Reticulum without ribosomes is called the __smooth_________ ER
9. When a protein leaves the Golgi Bodies, what does it take with it? ___vesicle__________________
This piece will help it float around in the cell and fuse with the cell membrane.
10. What items could be stored in a vesicle? __________nutrients_______________________________________
11. Lysosomes and lytic vacuoles do what? ______digest worn out organelles and molecules ______________
12. What is an organelle? ______tiny organ of the cell___________________________
13. Where do we turn sugars into ATP? ________mitochondria________________________
14. What do plants use for photosynthesis? ______convert light into sugars__________________________
15. What do filaments do? ______gives structure and communication_______________________________
Biology Keystone Review—2012-2013