Personality
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Your personality is what makes you!
Categorizing Personality
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Hans Eysenck (1940s)
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700 patients at a military hospital responding to questions to predict personality
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2 dimensions
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____________________________ or _____________________________
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Level of ____________________________________________
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Walter Mischel
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How people could be predicted to act in certain situations
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_____ of differences between how people act in situations accounted for by personality test
scores
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___________________________________________________________________________
(MBTI)
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__________________________________________________________________________
(MMPT)
MBTI
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Jungian typology test
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The "rational" (____________________) functions: thinking and feeling
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The "irrational" (___________________) functions: sensing and intuition
1943 Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter, Isabel Briggs Myers
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___________________________(E) - (I) ___________________________
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__________________________ (S) - (N) ___________________________
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__________________________ (T) - (F) ___________________________
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__________________________ (J) - (P) ___________________________
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They began creating the ___________________ during WWII believing that a knowledge of
personality preferences would help women who were entering the industrial workforce for the
first time to identify the sort of war-time ____________ where they would be "most
_______________________ and ______________________" doing.
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First published in 1962, 1985, 1998 3rd Ed
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Uses
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Career counseling team building, group dynamics professional development, marketing,
family business, leadership training executive coaching life coaching personal
development marriage counseling workers’ comp claims
MMPI
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one of the most frequently utilized and most reliable personality tests in mental health
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used by trained professionals to provide assistance in the identification of the
__________________ ____________________ and ______________________________
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first developed in the late 1930’s by psychologist Strake R. __________________ and
psychiatrist J.C. _____________________ at the University of Minnesota
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Revised in1989, 2001 MMPI-2
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567 test items
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60 to 90 minutes to complete
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Not 100 percent accurate, it is still recognized as a very valuable tool in diagnosing and treating
different kinds of mental illnesses.
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Cannot be relied on alone when determining mental illness
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Uses
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Criminal defense and custody disputes
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Diagnosis of
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_______________________________
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_______________________________
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_______________________________
Predicting Personality
Big 5 factors p. 208
1. _________________________________________
2. _________________________________________
3. _________________________________________
4. _________________________________________
5. _________________________________________
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No definitive tool to predict personality
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Factor analysis only
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Responding to hypothetical situations and looking for factors (patterns) to predict how
personality and behaviour are linked
Using Facial Patterns to Determine Personality
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View facial expression and rate them on the Big 5 scale
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_____________________ and ___________________________ are the easiest to predict
Introversion
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________ are introverted
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Difficult to be around _________________________ all the time
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Need alone time to ___________________________
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___________________ _________________________ preferred method of communication
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____________________ before acting, develop ideas ______________________
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________________________
Highly Sensitive People
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_______________________ HSP
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Minimal ______________________ stimulation
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70% introverted
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Extremely sensitive to other’s _________________
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Doesn’t enjoy public events for long periods amongst strangers
Overcoming Shyness
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Anxious/nervous around others
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Kagan & Snidman: shyness in adults begins _______________ in life
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May have a _________________l root
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Parents/environment also influential
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______________________ parents may enhance shyness
Perfectionism
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__________________________ high expectations of themselves
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Overtly _________________________ when they fail to meet goals
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___________________ = unworthy of love or rewards
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If it isn’t perfect it wasn’t __________________ doing
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Perfectionism vs Striving for Excellence
Procrastination
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Decision not to __________________
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Often a ___________________ of perfectionism
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Chronic procrastination often due to lack of __________________ or fear of
__________________
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Part of a _______________ of stress and anxiety
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Avoid it by breaking tasks into _________________ manageable parts
Perfectionism in Youth
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Develops at an early age
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Related to ____________________ responses
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Parents are also procrastinators or are more critical than encouraging
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First born?
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Environmental influences in childhood
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Perfectionists are prone to __________________________
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Constant worry can lead to ________________ disorders, ____________ disorders,
low self-esteem
Perfectionism in Athletes
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Dr. Dunn U of Alberta
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Athletes prone to fits of ______________ and __________________ too much of themselves in
response to expectations of parents and coaches
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_________________ standards of hockey players to more __________________ and
__________________ goals
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Coaches and parents need to ________________________ hard work.
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High fives for learning
Moderating Perfectionism
Strategies to change attitudes and how they think:
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Everyone fails. It is normal
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Get rid of anxiety/anxious statement
o
______________________________________________________
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Use hardships as opportunities to _______________ and ______________________
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Take things bit by bit
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Eat an elephant one bite at a time
Birth Order
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Adler (1920s)
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Dr. Leman
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Understand behaviour
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________________________________________________
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Improve marriages
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Select appropriate ________________________________
Personality Attributes According to Birth Order
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Chart pg. 212
Limitations of Birth-Order Categories
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Categories are highly variable and influenced by numerous factors
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____________________________________ , ________________________________
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___________________________________ , _________________________________