Colony and Date Founded
Persons Responsible
Why Founded
How Governed and Owner
Massachusetts
1621---Pilgrims---Plymouth Colony
1630—Puritans--Mass. Bay Colony
William Bradford---Pilgrims
John Winthrop---Puritans
 Plymouth colony merges
with Mass. In 1691
Religious freedom and start a
new life
Mayflower Compact
Theocracy
General Court
Royal Colony
Rhode Island---1644
Roger Williams
Anne Hutchison
Dissatisfied with Mass. Bay
Colony
Religious freedom
Consent of the governed
Self-governing Colony
Connecticut---1662
Rev. Thomas Hooker
Religious freedom----frontier and
settle new areas
Fundamental Orders of Conn.
Self-governing colony
New Hampshire---1679
John Mason
Sir Ferdinando Gorges
Came from Mass. Bay Colony
Part of Mass. Bay Colony
Religious freedom
Greater opportunity in frontier
Fur, fishing and lumber industry
New Netherland---1609
New York---1664
Henry Hudson for Netherlands
Duke of York of England named
it New York
English fleet takes New
Amsterdam from Dutch in 1664
and becomes New York City
Good harbor for trade
1689---English Bill of Rights
Representative government
Royal colony
New Jersey---1702
Indian land—Dutch and Swedish
gift from King Charles II to
brother James---gives to his
friends Lord John Berkeley and
Sir George Carteret
Attract new settlers for Dutch and
Swedish colonists
Royal colony
Pennsylvania---1681
Delaware---1682
William Penn
Swedes
Penn founded for religious
freedom for the Quakers
Holy Experiment
Invited all people
Representative government
Royal colony
Maryland---1634
Lord Baltimore
Religious toleration—those who
had a belief in Christ
Maryland Toleration Act of 1649
allowed for persecuted Catholics
to settle in Maryland
Representative government
Proprietary colony
Royal colony
North/South Carolina---1663
John Locke
8 English nobles
Setup a new colony based upon
social classes
Failed and divided into 2 parts
Representative government
Royal colony
Virginia---1607
Joint Stock Company
London Company
John Smith----Jamestown
Colony based on economic
interests---Gold---tobacco saves
colony
Representative Government
 Houses of Burgesses
Royal colony
Georgia---1732
James Oglethorpe
Provide a place for debtors could
start a new life
Buffer against Spanish Florida
Royal colony
Self-Governing colony: This allowed the settlers to govern themselves through a charter
Royal colony: King governed the colony through advisors sent from England
Proprietary colony: King gives the land to an individual and he is able to govern as he pleases
Characteristics of 13 Colonies
A. New England
1. good harbors
2. small farms and towns
3. trade centered around harbors
4. hilly, forested and shallow sail
 cities: Boston 15,000 - 1750
5. fishing, lumber and trapping
6. family oriented, education, religion
B. Middle Colonies
1. river valleys - good communication
2. rolling hills - fertile sail
3. "bread basket" - large farms - surplus food
4. diverse population
5. manufacturing
 iron mines, shipyards, glass and paper
 cities: New York and Philadelphia
C. Southern Colonies
1. slavery to work the large plantations
2. rice, tobacco and cotton
 fertile soil
3. cities: Charleston
D. Summary of colonies
1. all colonies were similar in lifestyle and
culture.
2. people came from England and other
parts of Europe.
3. slavery in the South
4. all practiced representative government
or self-government
5. fiercely independent and enjoy their
freedoms.