Name: ___________________________________________________________________Period: __________ Date: __________
The Crusades
Standard: Trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE.
Essential Question: What were the origins and expansion of the Islamic World?
Describe the impact of the Crusades on both the Islamic World and Europe.
Definition:
Cause:
Goals of the Crusades
The Wars
Crusade
Date
Causes/Result
Cause:
1
1096-1099
Result:
Cause:
2
1144-1155
Result:
Essential Question: What were the origins and expansion of the Islamic World?
The Wars
Crusade
Date
Causes/Result
Cause:
3
1187-1192
Result:
Cause:
4
1202-1204
Result:
Subsequent Crusades
Impact of the Crusades
Islamic World:
Europe:
The Crusades
Standard: Trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE.
Essential Question: What were the origins and expansion of the Islamic World?
Describe the impact of the Crusades on both the Islamic World and Europe.
Definition:
Cause:
A series of military expeditions carried out by European
Christians against the Muslims from the eleventh to the
thirteenth centuries
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death of the Seljuk leader Malik Shah
Muslim Turks broke into smaller groups and were
closing in on the Byzantine Empire
the Eastern Orthodox Christians there asked for help
from the Roman Catholic around A.D. 1093
began when Pope Urban II agreed to help Byzantine
Emperor Alexius I and issued a call for a “holy war”
Pope wanted to provide leadership for a great cause
urged Christians to liberate Jerusalem and the Holy
Land (Palestine) from the Muslims
Several crusades were launched over a period of
about 300 years
Goals of the Crusades
 Reclaim Palestine for the Christians (places where Jesus and the Apostles lived)
 Get rid of troublesome knights
 Opportunity for land, wealth, and a new position in society
 Adventure
 New trade routes
The Wars
Crusade
1
Date
Causes/Result
Causes: Rise of Ottoman’s, Pope Urban II call to all Christians, answered by three
armies of knights that gathered at Constantinople
1096-1099 Results: Crusaders will capture a strip of land extending from Edessa in the north
to Jerusalem in the south in 1099 and established 4 feudal crusader states ruled by
European nobles
Causes: Muslims counterattack in 1144 wins back Edessa. The loss of Edessa
spurred a new battle to win it back from Muslim control.
2
1144-1155
Results: Saladin, Kurdish warrior and Muslim leader will fight off Crusader force
and recapture Jerusalem by 1187
Essential Question: What were the origins and expansion of the Islamic World?
The Wars
Crusade
Date
Causes/Result
Causes: The loss of Jerusalem led to this crusade…Church will extend leadership
not with knights, nor nobles but to European Monarchs…Phillip II of France,
Frederick I of Prussia and Richard the Lion Heart of England
3
1187-1192 Results: Phillip and Richard argued over leadership and Phillip went
home…Frederick drowned on the journey…Richard led attempt to regain the Holy
City from Saladin…a truce is signed between Richard and Saladin after many
battles…Jerusalem would stay under Muslim rule, however granted Western
pilgrims access to Christian holy places
Causes: Pope not content with 3rd Crusade and still intended to retake Jerusalem
4
1202-1204
Results: Crusaders never made it to fight, knights looted Constantinople instead
Subsequent Crusades
 a Children’s Crusade of peasant children, however no one knows what happened to the children
 Crusades five through nine occur but with no change of result as the first three crusades
 Reconquista is the Spanish and Portuguese recapture of the Iberian Peninsula against the Muslims
(Moors) in the thirteenth to fifteenth century
Impact of the Crusades
Islamic World:
 slowed the advance of Islam
 prevented the formation of a unified Islamic
power
 Byzantine Empire fell to the turks
 Commercial trading shifted from Muslims to
Italians in the Mediterranean
Europe:
 Advancements for women, while men were off
fighting
 Expanded trade for Europe
 a gradual shift to the Atlantic, and Spain and
Portugal seeking new trade routes and opening
the world up to additional exploration
 Weakened the power of the Church
 Strengthened the power of Kings in Europe
 Bitterness between Christians and Muslims to
this day