Latin II
Lesson XXXII Notes
Nōmen mihi est
Review
How do you form the ablative of place where in Latin?
What are the English translations?
How do you form the ablative of place from which in Latin?
What are the English translations?
How do you form the ablative of means in Latin?
What are the English translations?
How do you test to see if you have an ablative of means?
How do you form the ablative of accompaniment in Latin?
What is the English translation?
How do you form the ablative of agent in Latin?
What are the English translations?
What is the difference between ablative of agent and ablative of means?
How do you form the accusative of place to which in Latin?
What are the English translations?
NOUN CONSTRUCTIONS
Nota bene: To figure out all noun constructions, you must look at the kind of information that
the construction contains and then figure out how Latin and English deal with that
information
Ask yourself these questions:
What kind of word does the construction contain?
What prepositions, if any, are there?
What is the translation of a particular construction?
Are there any other words in the sentence that signal a certain construction?
Ablative of Manner
Ablative of manner tells how the verb is done
Must be used with an abstract noun (NEVER a concrete noun or person)
Latin: Cum is used with the abstract noun in the ablative if there is no adjective: cum lībertāte
If there is an adjective, cum is optional: lībertāte magnā or magnā cum lībertāte
If cum is used, it goes in the middle of the adjective and the noun (think summa cum laude)
English:
Always translated “with (abstract noun)”
Can sometimes be translated as an adverb (adverbs also tell how the verb is done)
Ex.: cum lībertāte = with freedom = freely
Ex.: magnā cum lībertāte = with great freedom = very freely
Ablative of Time When
Ablative of time when tells when the verb happens
Must be used with a time word
Latin: A time word will be in the ablative case WITH NO PREPOSITION
English:
Translated according to English idiom:
“in” (in December = Decembrō)
“at” (at dinnertime = cenā)
“on” (on the second day = diē secundō)
no preposition at all (last summer = aestāte proximā)
Ablative of Time Within Which
This construction is really a subset of the ablative of time when
Ablative of time within which tells the time range during which the verb happens
Must be used with a time word
Latin: A time word will be in the ablative case WITH NO PREPOSITION
English:
“in/within” (in/within three hours = horīs tribus)
N.B. – If you can substitute “within” for “in,” it is an ablative of time within which instead of ablative of
time when.
Accusative of Time How Long = Accusative of Extent of Time
The accusative of extent of time tells how long the verb happens
Must be used with a time word
Latin: A time word will be in the accusative case WITH NO PREPOSITION
English:
“for” (I slept for eight hours last night = Dormīvī horās octō nocte proximō.)
no preposition at all (I slept eight hours last night = Dormīvī horās octō nocte proximō.)
Accustive of Extent of Space
The accusative of extent of space tells how long something is
Must be used with a measurement
Latin: A measurement will be in the accusative case WITH NO PREPOSITION
English:
no preposition at all (The couch is ten feet long = Lectum est longum pedēs decem.)
Practice
Tell the construction and then translate the following phrases:
Construction
Latin Translation
in one hour
for three days
with gratitude
within a month
with much gratitude
1.
(2 possible translations)
five feet tall
in four weeks
at one time
2.