Chapter 5 Exercise Notes
Here are some pointers to help you with chapter 5 exercises. Remember that
these are multiple-attempt.
5.1 Be sure to translate the verb first here. Match the Latin pronoun ending with
the correct English. Use the chart on p. 114. Once you translate the verb the rest
will fall into place. The hardest one is number 3 since you will need to determine
the function of Quintum in the sentence.
5.2 Pay close attention to the verb endings here. They are the same as page
114.
o– I
s–
t– he/she
mus – we
you tis – you pl.
nt - they
5.4 A complement is an adjective that completes the linking verb “Sum” p. 115.
This is the verb “to be”. It acts as an equals sign. If the girls are tired, then the
word tired needs to be in the same form as girls. The girls = tired or tired = the
girls. Put the same ending on the complement that is on the noun. Puellae sunt
fessae
cur (miser) [miser] estis, pueri? puellae (laetus) [laetus] sunt
Translate the sentence first. Why are you sad, boys? The girls are happy.
Now think of is and are as = signs
The boys = sad miseri estis pueri
the girls = happy puellae sunt laetae
A complement must be the same ending (case number, gender) as the noun it
modifies.
Simply put, if the adjective or noun =’s the boys, give it the ending on the
boys. If it =” the girls give it the same ending as the girls. You need to translate
first.
5.5 To be successful here make a noun chart. There was one provided for you in
the chapter 3 Notes and Handouts in the additional resources. Just fill in the line
for the ablative singular and pl.
Give the ablative for multae feminae
The form given is nominative pl. The gender of the noun is feminine so it is first
declension. Slide down the chart and you will see the ablative pl. is –is. Change
both words to get multis feminis.
st
1
Nom a
Acc am
Abl
a
Nom ae
Acc
as
Abl
is
2nd
us, er, r
um
o
i
os
is
5.6 Make a list of the prepositions on p. 116 along with the cases they take their
objects in. N.B. the preposition in can be either accusative or ablative. Because it
can mean either into or in.
Preposition
in
ad
e,ex
a,ab
in
Meaning
into
To, toward
Out of
from
in
Case of the object
accusative
accusative
ablative
ablative
ablative
Notice how the word “in” means in or into. Its object can be accusative or ablative
depending on the meaning of the preposition.
He runs into the field. Field would be accusative since “in” translates as into. In
agrum
She sits in the house. In translates as “in” here and answers the question where.
The ending on house will need to be ablative. In casa
Here is the vocabulary for this exercise.
Ager (agr-)
Via
Casa
field
road
house
femina
Amicus
Ludus
woman
friend
school
5.7 This is hard it puts everything together that we have done so far. For nouns
you will need to be able to form subjects, direct objects and objects of
prepositions. The format in the assessment is multiple-choice. Make sure that
you have a noun chart handy for this one.
Are you trying to use verb endings on nouns? Translate the sentence. Determine
the use of the word in the sentence that requires an ending and then use a chart
to put the correct ending on.
Do the work on paper first from the back of the book and then use it to transfer
answers on to the computer.
Noun Chart:
st
1
Nom a
Acc am
Abl
a
Nom ae
Acc
as
Abl
is
2nd
us, er, r
um
o
i
os
is