Surfin’ Safari: Earthquakes, Scales, Tsunamis, Animals
Name: _______________________________________________ Section: __________
Directions: Use the “Earthquakes” link to answer the questions.
1. Over _________ % of all earthquakes occur along tectonic plate boundaries.
2. The remaining percentage of earthquakes occur along: ___________________
3. Which fault runs through Concord, MA? _______________________________
4. What are the three (3) kinds of Faults? Which force/stress causes each one?
FAULT: __________________________ STRESS: ______________________
FAULT: __________________________ STRESS: ______________________
FAULT: __________________________ STRESS: ______________________
5. What is the difference between the FOCUS and the EPICENTER of a quake?
A) The underground place along a fault where slippage occurs: _______________
B) The point on the surface directly above (A) is called: _________________
6. Which kind of seismic wave is the most destructive? _______________________
7. Which kind of seismic wave cannot travel through liquid? __________________
8. Which kind of seismic wave is the fastest, but least destructive? ______________
9. What THREE (3) things do you do during an earthquake (or drill)?
A)
B)
C)
10. Describe the earthquake hazard of LIQUEFACTION below:
Directions: Use the “Seismic Scales” link to answer the questions below.
1. The earliest instrument used to predict and measure earthquakes was called the
SEISMOSCOPE. It was developed in China in the year 138 CE by Chang Heng.
The device was an ornamental vessel adorned with two animals. Which two
animals are featured on the seismoscope?
____________________________ and ____________________________
2. How damaging and deadly an earthquake is depends upon many factors. List
three (3) factors below:
A)
B)
C)
3. The current, most accurate scale used to rate the severity of an earthquake is the
MMS. What does MMS stand for?
4. Charles Richter developed the Richter Scale in the year: ____________________
5. Guiseppe Mercalli developed the Mercalli Scale in the year: ______________
6. Which scale ranges from roman numeral I to XII (1 to 12), and describes the
intensity of an earthquake?
7. Which scale starts at 0, but has no upper limit, and shows the magnitude of energy
releases from an earthquake compared to an equivalent amount of TNT?
8. Who invented dynamite? _____________________________________
9. What is the approximate Richter Scale magnitude of the earthquake caused by the
asteroid imact that created the Chixulub Crater in Mexico that killed the
dinosaurs? ________ (In the “Chart of Richter Magnitudes/Historical Examples”)
10. What is the name of the famous strike-slip earthquake fault in California?
Directions: Use the “Tsunami” link to answer the questions below.
1. What are the THREE (3) CAUSES of tsunamis (write one on each line)?
A)
B)
C)
2. What is the average HEIGHT and SPEED of an earthquake-generated tsunami?
3. Mega-Tsunamis (IMINAMIS) form in TWO (2) ways. Describe them below:
A)
B)
4. If a tsunami is approaching and you are on a beach, what are you supposed to do,
according to the hero, Tilly Smith?
5. What happened to the coastal water in Nicaragua just before the 1992 tsunami?
6. List the DATE and LOCATION of three (3) historic tsunamis below:
A)
B)
C)
7. Examine the “Tsunami Art” image gallery and choose your favorite tsunami
painting. Describe it below:
Directions: Use the “Animals and Earthquakes” link to answer the questions
below.
1. Select FIVE (5) animals that behave strangely before or during an earthquake and
describe their particular behaviors below:
Animal:
Behavior:
Animal:
Behavior:
Animal:
Behavior:
Animal:
Behavior:
Animal:
Behavior:
2. Read the Case Study about the Yingkou, China quake of 1974.
A) Explain how the SNAKES behaved oddly before the earthquake below:
B) Explain how the PIGS behaved oddly before the earthquake below:
3. Open the “Animals Before the Tsunami” link. Select an animal, and explain
how it behaved unusually before the Sumatran Earthquake of 2004.
Animal:
Behavior:
4. Open the “Elephant Rescue” link. Read the article. How many people did the
elephants rescue that day?