Psy311U Peers SOCIAL WORLD: PEERS This outline may be updated or revised prior to class time PEER RELATIONS Acceptance vs. rejection Friendship PEER ACCEPTANCE Liked by peer group Ignored by peer group Disliked by peer group PEER RELATIONS Sociometric Techniques CATEGORY LIKED? Popular Yes Rejected No Neglected No Controversial Yes DISLIKED? No Yes No Yes Psy311U Peers PEER RELATIONS, cont’d. ACCEPTANCE Cooperation Social rule following Conformity Physical Attractiveness REJECTION Aggression Deviance Different-ness Reputation PEER REJECTION 1. Peer Rejected Children A. Show traces of psychopathology B. Behave differently – Aggression – Withdrawn and solitary – No social chat – Disruptive and uncooperative C. Have reputations with their peers 2. Coaching Rejected Children A. Social skills B. Self-evaluation C. Affects popularity immediately – has effects one year later Psy311U Peers PEER REJECTION, cont’d. 3. Socially isolated children improve when playing with YOUNGER peers. FRIENDSHIP More important than popularity As important as parents to development – parents- complementary, authority – peers- reciprocal, equal CONSEQUENCES OF FRIENDSHIP 1. Social development – social skills – social relationships: affection, helping – conflict resolution: negotiation 2. Emotional development – comfort – perspective taking Psy311U Peers CONSEQUENCES OF FRIENDSHIP, cont’d. 3. Physical development 4. Intellectual development SEQUENCE OF RELATIONSHIPS FROM PEERS TO FRIENDS 1. Early childhood – Mixed sex groups – Changing pairs – – – – – 2. Middle childhood Single sex groups Peer groups- sex segregated Girls- intensive Boys- extensive Friendships Psy311U Peers 3. Adolescence – Peer groups – Partners FRIENDSHIP DURING ADOLESCENCE Friendship One-sided to reciprocal Joint activities to emotional bonds Common interests to sympathy, loyalty, & trust Partners Copyright © Ellen A. Skinner - All Rights Reserved Page Last Modified 2/02/05