Name
Date
Study Guide
Class
CHAPTER 11
Section 1: Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance
In your textbook, read about basic patterns of human inheritance.
Use the terms below to complete the passage. These terms may be used more than once.
albinism
heterozygous
alleles
homozygous
cystic fibrosis
pedigree
dominant
recessive
A (1) PEDIGREE shows the inheritance of a particular trait over several generations. An organism with two
of the same (2) ALLELES for a particular trait is said to be (3) HOMOZYGOUS For that trait. An organism
with two different (4) ALLELES for a particular trait is heterozygous for that trait. When alleles are present in
the (5) HETEROZYGOUS state, the (6) DOMINANT
trait will be observable. An individual who is
heterozygous for a (7) RECESSIVE disorder is called a carrier. Examples of recessive genetic disorders in
humans are (8) CYSTIC FIBROSIS and (9) ALBINISM.
In your textbook, read about recessive and dominant genetic disorders.
Complete the table by writing the disease name for each description.
albinism
galactosemia
Disease
achondroplasia
Huntington’s disease
cystic fibrosis
Tay-Sachs disease
Description
caused by altered genes; results in lack of skin pigment
10. ALBINISM
11.GALACTOSEMIA
12.TAY-SACHS DISEASE
13. CYSTIC FIBROSIS
14.HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE
15.ACHONDROPLASIA
Unit 3
recessive genetic disorder; characterized by body’s inability to
tolerate galactose
recessive genetic disorder; gene found on chromosome 15;
characterized by lack of enzyme that breaks down fatty acids
recessive genetic disorder; affects mucus-producing glands,
digestive enzymes, sweat glands
dominant genetic disorder; affects the nervous system
autosomal dominant genetic condition; affects height and
body size
CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity 49
Study Guide, Section 1: Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance
In your textbook, read about patterns of inheritance.
For each statement below, write true or false.
T
16. A scientist uses a pedigree to study family history.
F
17. A pedigree traces the inheritance of a particular trait through only two
generations.
F
18. In a pedigree, one who does not express the trait is represented by a darkened
square or circle.
T
19. In a pedigree, a horizontal line between two symbols shows that these individuals are the parents of the offspring.
T
20. Individual II1, as shown below, is in generation II.
Refer to the pedigree above. Respond to each statement.
21. Recall if the trait is recessive or dominant based on the following information:
In the pedigree, individuals I1 and I2 are unaffected but have an affected child.
RECESSIVE – PARENTS ARE HETEROZYGOUS FOR THE TRAIT - CARRIERS
22. Specify if parents II1 and II2, who have an affected child, are carriers of the trait.
YES THEY ARE CARRIERS FOR THE RECESSIVE DISORDER
23. Tell whether there is a dominant gene in the genotype of II4.
YES – BECAUSE THEY DO NOT HAVE THE DISORDER.
50 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11
Unit 3
Name
Date
Class
CHAPTER 11
Study Guide
Section 2: Complex Patterns of Inheritance
In your textbook, read about incomplete dominance.
Complete the table by checking the correct column(s) for each description.
Reminder: R is dominant (normal red blood cells).
r is recessive (sickle-shaped red blood cells).
24.RR
RR
Rr
25.Rr
rr
26.rr
In your textbook, read about sex-linked traits.
Refer to the Punnett square. Respond to each statement.
XB
Y
XB
XBXB
XBY
Xb
XBXb
XbY
Reminder: A female has 2 X chromosomes.
A male has an X and a Y chromosome.
B is dominant (normal color vision).
b is recessive (color blindness).
27.
Tell if the father has color blindness.
NO FATHER HAS NORMAL VISION
28.
Specify if the father has a recessive allele.
NO, ONLY THE DOMINANT ALLELE ON THE X CHROMOSOME FOR THE FATHER
29.
State whether the only child that could have color blindness is male or female.
MALE – XY
Unit 3
CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity 51
Study Guide
CHAPTER 11
Section 3: Chromosomes and Human Heredity
In your textbook, read about chromosomes and human heredity.
Match the definition in Column A with the term in Column B.
Column A
Column B
A
30.micrograph of chromosomes
A. karyotype
D
31.abnormal number of chromosomes
B. Down syndrome
E
32.missing one X chromosome
C. telomere
B
33.extra chromosome 21
D. nondisjunction
E
34.protective cap at the end of a chromosome
E. Turner’s syndrome
F______
35. Individual with 2 X chromosomes & a Y
F. Klinefelter’s syndrome
KARYOTYPE
INSTRUCTIONS: Using the
karyotype to the right answer
the following questions.
36. Is this a normal
karyotype?__NO_______
37. If you answer was no,
name the disorder.
KLINEFELTER’S______
38. If there are extra
chromosomes in this
karyotype, what caused
this to happen? (Hint it is
one of your vocab
words)__NONDISJUNCTION_________________________________
39. What is the sex of this individual? _MALE – HAS Y CHROMOSOME____________
40. What is the name of the disorder that involves an individual with only 1 X
chromosome? _TURNER’S SYNDROME____ Is this individual a boy or a girl?
__________
41. What is the probably that an offspring will be male? ___50%____________________
42. For a normal karyotype, how many chromosomes would you see? _46 OR 23 PAIRS__
43. Name at least 4 things that are shown in a karyotype. _SEX OF OFFSPRING,
GENETIC DISORDERS, # OF CHROMOSOMES, AUTOSOME & SEX
CHROMOSOMES
PUNNETT SQUARES: set up & complete the following Punnett Squares in order to
answer the questions.
IB
IA
i
I A IB
IB i
IA i
i i
i
44. What blood types would a man & a woman have to have if they have one child with A
blood, 1 child with B blood, 1 child with AB blood, and one child with O blood?
GENOTYPE FOR MAN __ IA i_____ GENOTYPE FOR WOMAN __ IB i _______
45. Write all the possible genotypes for A blood. __ IA i ____ IA IA ________________
46. Write all the possible genotypes for B blood. __ IB i
_ IB IB __________________
47. Write all the possible genotypes for AB blood. ___ IA IB ________________________
48. Write all the possible genotypes for O blood. __ii______________________________
N
N
n
n
NN
Nn
Nn
nn
49. Tay-Sachs is a recessive disorder disease. Both parents are carriers. What is the
probably they will have a child with Tay-Sachs? ___25%_______________________
P
p
p
p
Pp
pp
Pp
pp
50. Polydactyly is a dominant disorder. Dad has the disorder, but mom does not. 3 of their
4 children also have the disorder. What genotype is dad? __Pp_____________________
DEFINITIONS:
50. AUTOSOME: CHROMOSOME THAT IS NOT A SEX CHROMOSOME
51. BARR BODY: INACTIVATED X CHROMOSOME
52. INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE: COMPLEX INHERITANCE PATTERN IN WHICH
THE HETEROZYGOUS PHENOTYPE IS INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN THOSE OF
THE TWO HOMOZYGOUS PARENT ORGANISMS (BLENDED LIKE PAINT)
53. POLYGENIC: CHARACTERISTIC, SUCH AS EYE COLOR OR SKIN COLOR,
THAT RESULTS FROM THE INTERACTION OF MULTIPLE GENE PAIRS.
54. SEX-LINKED TRAITS: CHARACTERISTIC, SUCH AS RED-GREEN COLOR
BLINDNESS, CONTROLLED BY GENES ON THE X CHROMOSOME; ALSO
CALLED AN X-LINKED TRAIT.