4th Quarter Benchmark Study Guide
Name: _____________________
Hour: ____
Date: _________
Cells and Heredity
1. The protective covering that encloses every cell is called the Cell Membrane
2. Plants and animal cells share which organelles? (6) Nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi
apparatus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosome’s
3. What is a plant cell organelle that uses energy from sunlight to make sugar? Chloroplast
4. Who was the scientist that was one of the first people to see live cells by using a
microscope? Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
5. Bacteria/bacterium is an example of a prokaryotic organism.
6. The smallest unit that can perform the basic activities of life is called a cell.
7. What are the 4 characteristics that living things must have. Organization, ability to
develop and grow, ability to respond to the environment, and the ability to reproduce.
8. An organ is when different tissues work together to perform a particular function.
9. Prokaryotic cells do NOT have a nucleus.
10. Organisms that have cells with a nucleus are in the domain Eukarya.
11. An individual form of life that uses energy to carry out the activities of life is an organism.
12. The Golgi apparatus is the organelle that finishes processing cell products.
13. The genetic information in a prokaryotic cell is found in the cytoplasm.
14. An organelle is any part of a cell that is enclosed by it own membrane.
15. All living things need water to survive.
16. The cell organelles that release stored energy from sugars are called mitochondria.
17. To observe how a bacterium behaves a scientist would have to use a microscope.
18. In order for green plants to make sugar they need sunlight.
19. Animals take in food and matter to get energy.
20. Sunlight is the original source of energy in our food.
Visual
Using the diagram, answer the following questions
21. Which cell is a plant cell?
Cell 2
22. Which cell is an animal cell?
Cell 1
23. Which letter identifies the cell membrane?
Letter J
24. Which letter identifies the cytoplasm?
Letter A
25. Which letter identifies the chloroplast?
Letter B
26. Which letter identifies the mitochondria?
Letter K
27. Which letter identifies the nucleus?
Letter D
28. Identify structure H.
Central Vacuole
29. What is the function of structure H?
Vacuoles function with the cell membrane to move materials either into or out of the cell
30. What is the function of structure B? Why does Cell 2 have this structure but Cell 1 doesn’t?
Chloroplast: energy from sunlight is used to make sugar. Plants use some of the sugar
immediately, to keep their cells functioning. The rest of the sugar is stored in the cells.
Extended Response
31. Fill in the table with the missing cell functions. Identify whether the cell part is found in a
plant cell only, an animal cell only, or both
Cell Part
Cell Function
Plant, Animal or Both
Cell Membrane
A protective covering that
encloses the entire cell.
Anything coming in or out of
the cell must past through it.
Organelles in which the energy
from sunlight is used to make
Both
Chloroplasts
Plant
sugar.
Mitochondria
Organelles that use oxygen to
get energy from processing
food.
Both
Nucleus
Where the genetic material is
stored. The “brain” of the cell
Both