T
1. Interpretation: “Engagement” requires the provision of positive incentives
Haass 00 – Richard Haass & Meghan O’Sullivan, Brookings Institution Foreign Policy Studies Program,
Honey and Vinegar: Incentives, Sanctions, and Foreign Policy, p. 1-2
The term engagement was popularized amid the controversial policy of constructive engagement
pursued by the
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shape the behavior of countries with which the United States has important disagreements.
That means the plan must be a quid-pro-quo
De LaHunt 6 - Assistant Director for Environmental Health & Safety Services in Colorado College's
Facilities Services department (John, “Perverse and unintended” Journal of Chemical Health and Safety,
July-August, Science direct)
Incentives work on a quid pro quo basis – this for that. If you
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run, for at least two reasons – unintended consequences and perverse incentives.
1. Violation- Plan isn’t conditional
2. Reasons to prefer
a. Limits --- it functionally narrows the topic because few cases can defend
conditioning --- the alternative is hundreds of single import or export cases that
explode research burden which saps clash and topic specific education.
b. Ground --- QPQ ensures generics like soft power and foreign politics DAs,
counterplans to add or remove a condition, and critiques of diplomacy- spurs
critical thinking and topic education.
3. Topicality is a voter- if it were not the aff could run the same case year after
year or unbeatable truths like 2 plus 2 is 4
Neolib
US economic engagement is a vehicle for neoliberal exploitation – the plan becomes a tool
for military intervention and US security interests while strengthening its economic grip over
Latin America – when they open the border they open it to trade and forward the goal of
regional intergration
Jacobs 4 (Jamie Elizabeth, Assistant Prof of Polisci at West Virginia U, "Neoliberalism and
Neopanamericanism: The View from Latin America," Latin American Politics & Society 46.4 (2004) 149152, MUSE)
The advance of neoliberalism suffers no shortage of critics, both from its supporters who
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further weakening of state sovereignty in the South. [End Page 150]
Using the border as a metaphor increases the invisibility of the borderlands reality in
northern Mexico. This metaphor only increases negative conotations of the
borderlands.
Vaquera-Vásquez 98 (Santiago Vaquera-Vasquez, Professor of US Latino/a cultures and Creative Writing in
Spanish at the University of Iowa, “(De)Constructing the US-Mexican Border”, 1998
http://webpub.allegheny.edu/group/LAS/LatinAmIssues/Articles/Vol14/LAI_vol_14_section_VI.html )
While the vision of the border as a metaphor for a hybrid, communal zone
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then, is the in-depth study of northern Mexican border perspective.
Neoliberal intervention in Latin America fuels environmental devastation and
structural inequality- ethical obligation to those sacrificed by the Washington
Consensus
NEF AND HARRIS ‘8 (Jorge, Director of Latin American and Caribbean Studies @ South Florida,
Richard, Global Studies @ CSU Monterey Bay “Capital, Power, and Inequality in Latin America and the
Caribbean,” in Capital, Power, and Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean eds. Harris and Nef p.
14-16)
These macroeconomic policies have been carried out under the mantle of the so-called
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variability of the indigenous and peasant communities affected by these patterns of production.
We should imagine post-neoliberal strategies as a starting-point for movements
toward alternative modes of governance
Kaltwasser 11 (Cristóbal Rovira, Foundation postdoctoral research fellow at the Social Science
Research Center Berlin, "Toward Post-Neoliberalism in Latin America?," Latin American Research
Review Volume 46, Number 2, 2011, MUSE)
Although not all six books reviewed here use the term post-neoliberalism, they
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develop and implement a new political agenda from the challenges it has faced.
Guerrilla Politics
A. Every single major crisis we face – ecocide, poverty, violence, militarism, waste –
has been systematically selected towards by a self-maximizing choice model. This
dogma has even spilled over into academic contest. If postmodernism is right, only by
breaking with the model of a “win” for the aff can we truly escape the authority of
reason. True liberation rests alongside schizophrenic madness.
McMurtry 09. (John, Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at U of Guelph,
“Rationality and Scientific Method: Paradigm Shift in an Age of Collapse”, Interchange, Vol. 40, No. 1, SpringerLink, pg. 70-72,
http://www.springerlink.com/content/f846682890510768/fulltext.pdf)
The potentially fatal global crisis we face is that humanity’s many-faced global industrial
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life means and conditions in accordance with a meta-program none challenges.
Our alternative – VOTE NEG TO VOTE AFF. To fight the system from within, critical
arguments must deploy deception. It’s the only way to operate within a territory
controlled by the more powerful. Casting a negative ballot when you vote for their
project can you shield the subversive nature of the aff
Mann 99. (Paul, professor of English @ Pomona and author of The Theory-Death of the Avant-Garde,
Masocriticism, pg. 122)
Otherization
Multiple Disads
First is our Backlash DA
Opening the border fails—causes backlash
Johnson 2007(Dean and Mabie-Apallas, Professor of Public Interest Law and Chicana/o Studies,
“Opening the Floodgates”, New York University Publication)
Impediments to a regional arrangement do, of course, exist. The political¶
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future and even greater fears¶ about the national identity than currently exist.
Open Multiculturalism threatens Americans both economically and culturally –
insecurity results in the formation of hate groups
Beirich and Potok 9
(Heidi and Mark, Director of Research and Intelligence project, Southern Poverty Law Center, Southern
Poverty Law Center, “USA: Hate Groups, Radical-Right Violence, on the Rise” Policing,
http://policing.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/pap020v1)
A remarkable thing occurred while America's Patriot movement rose and fell. Even as this
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an angry reaction among many who feel that they are losing their identity.
Openly Endorsing multiculturalism and assimilation of local cultures will result in
white backlash and racial violence
Beirich and Potok 9
(Heidi and Mark, Director of Research and Intelligence project, Southern Poverty Law Center, Southern
Poverty Law Center, “USA: Hate Groups, Radical-Right Violence, on the Rise” Policing,
http://policing.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/pap020v1)
None of the factors discussed here are likely to wane in the coming years.
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—a nation that is based on race, a community of blood.
Separation of ethnic groups reduces conflict
Downes, 06 (Alexander. Professor of political science and international affairs at the George
Washington University. "More Borders, Less Conflict? Partition as a Solution to Ethnic Civil Wars." The SAIS
Review of International Affairs 26.1 (2006): 49-61. ProQuest. Web. 8 July 2013. JMR)
In this article, I argue that partition-defined as separation of contending ethnic
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based on a single-state solution, partition is the preferred solution.
In the remainder of this paper, I will elaborate further on this argument and
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argue that like it or not, partition is probably in Iraq's future.
Second is our War DA
Third party intervention and negotiated settlements won’t solve—borders are
necessary
Downes, 06 (Alexander. Professor of political science and international affairs at the George
Washington University. "More Borders, Less Conflict? Partition as a Solution to Ethnic Civil Wars." The
SAIS Review of International Affairs 26.1 (2006): 49-61. ProQuest. Web. 8 July 2013. JMR)
Scholars have offered two solutions to the dilemmas and dangers of negotiated settlements. First
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risk of failure because they go against the preferences of the groups involved.
Borders can only lead to peace—they take away incentive for war
Downes, 06 (Alexander. Professor of political science and international affairs at the George
Washington University. "More Borders, Less Conflict? Partition as a Solution to Ethnic Civil Wars." The
SAIS Review of International Affairs 26.1 (2006): 49-61. ProQuest. Web. 8 July 2013. JMR)
The poor record of negotiated settlements in ethnic civil wars that leave borders intact,
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by following natural terrain features or by building demilitarized zones or other barriers.
Third is our Marginalization
Lack of borders results in the marginalization of minority groups—Iraq proves
Downes, 06 (Alexander. Professor of political science and international affairs at the George
Washington University. "More Borders, Less Conflict? Partition as a Solution to Ethnic Civil Wars." The
SAIS Review of International Affairs 26.1 (2006): 49-61. ProQuest. Web. 8 July 2013. JMR)
Despite international attempts to encourage power-sharing and federalism as a means to preserve
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take that long for a similar realization to dawn on them in Iraq.
Framing
This debate is about who does what’s best for latin American citizens
The role of the ballot is to do what is best for Latin American citizens
Kelly 8 (Lara, “Neoliberalism in Latin America,” http://citizenspress.org/editorials/neoliberalism-inlatin-america)
Neoliberalism is the deregulation and expansion of the market economy, it includes eliminating barriers
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and self-determination must come before the property rights of greedy corporations.
State good: The political sphere is dominated by corporate imperialist interests – the
only effective strategy is to break away from policy reformism and retake the public
sphere through intellectual rejection of imperialism.
Boggs, 2009
(Carl, expert on ceding the political according to most 2ACs, “A Way Forward?,” August 21, Online:
http://www.zcommunications.org/a-way-forward-by-carl-boggs)
I'm delighted and flattered to be part of the exchanges about efficacious ways to move
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if there is every reason in the world to be hopeful and optimistic.