Earth has ____________ major _____________ .
___________________ is a major community of _____________ .

Plant and Animal groups are determined by the major
____________ _________ of the earth.

They are sometimes modified by local land and water conditions.

The presence or absence of ___________ is a major limiting factor.

Climate conditions and communities are affected by:
 ___________________(distance north or south of the equator) and
 ___________________(distance above or below sea level).

__________ (polar)

__________ (coniferous forest)

_________ Deciduous Forest

_____ ____ Forest

_________ (savanna)

______________
Permanently , called .
 Animals: Caribou, snowy owl, and artic foxes •Plants: Lichens, mosses, and grasses
 and tundras
 arctic is , , ( 6-10 inches)
 thick layer of _____________ .
 simple _______________
 –sedges, mosses, grasses
 caribou, polar bears, sandpipers, flies, salmon

The biome is found in the far with long winters.
 winter lasts months
 limited ______________________ .
 _____________________________

During most of the year, ____________________on the tundra are below , and may sometimes drop to as low as -70 degrees Fahrenheit.

In some places only a ______________________ of the top part of the ground ______________ out in the
______________________ , in other places several feet may be thawed.
 The part of the ground that thaws is called the _________________________________ .

The ____________________ ground that never thaws out is in the grip of _____________________ , and is called the permafrost
.
 northern Eurasia, N. America, northern California coast
 spruce, fir, and pines
 thick bark and leaves that withstand snow
 fungi, mosses, lichens grow due to needle canopy
 some of world’s __________ trees
 ________________________

The _____________________biome is located in cooler northern climates.
1

 ________________________ forest
 Long _________________ and short ______________________
 small amount of ___________________________________

Animals: Moose, black bear

Plants: Coniferous Trees (produce their seeds in cones) spruce, fir, hemlock, cedar, and pine trees

The world’s _____________________land biome, the ____________________forest (also called the “Taiga”) receives anywhere from 12-33 inches of per year.

The climate in __________________forests is pleasant in ______________________ , when temperatures may rise into the eighties. Winters, however, can be very _________________ , dropping to -65 degrees Fahrenheit in some areas, but barely falling below freezing in others.

_____________________ of _____________________ in eastern N. America, eastern Asia, and much of Europe

_______________________ trees (oak, hemlock, maple)

________________________ precipitation; ______________________ winters ______________ summers.

Animals: Gray squirrel, fox, deer, raccoons
 Plants: Trees that shed leaves (deciduous trees), oak, beech, maple, elm trees

In this zone biome, varies from 30 to 60 inches a year.

There are ____________ definite seasons marked by the deciduous tree cycle.

Temperate forest biomes include: ___________ forests and ______ forests.

________ deciduous forests have ______________ summers and ____ winters.

Deciduous trees are the ______________ ___________ species.

The temperate ___________ forests have a , season and relatively _____ summer.
 Ferns and moss cover the forest floor.
 __________________________ forest biomes produce ______________________forests.
 warm
 abundant all year
 near in S. America and Africa

40-400 inches/year of rain with an average of 80 o F temperature
 high ___________________________

 complex structure with many levels of life

Animals: Monkeys and snakes, lianas, epiphytes, leopard parrots
Plants: Many species of broad-leaved plants, bamboo, ferns, woody vines, handing vines
 _______ rainfall; constant ________ .
 Rain forests receive ______ inches of rain a year. That is ____ feet of water!

rainforests are found near the . They have very rich , with many kinds of plants and animals living together.

A forest is defined as any forest in the that receives more than 50-60 inches of a year, with both mild winters and summers.
 With similar to that of the , their biomass rivals that of .

The world’s largest trees are found in .
 rainfall 10-30 inches/year

: African “The Lion King”

: temperate .

Midwestern U.S.
2

 much to .

_________ animals (bison, pronghorn antelope)
 small (praire dogs, mice, snakes, coyotes)
 many animals live in _______________ .

____________________ biomes are where the primary plant life is .

______________ grasslands are dry and warm during the summer; most precipitation falls as snow.
 _________________ grasslands are warm through the year, with definite dry and rainy seasons.
 _____________ and ___________ vary; strong prevailing ____________ .

Animals: Antelope, prairie dog, bison hawks

•Plants: Grasses, cereal, grains

Also known as the _________ or _______ , _______ appear when there is not enough rainfall to support trees (between 10 and 20 inches per year).

There are grasslands in many places in the world. The huge grasslands of this biome are found in the __________ of ______________ , on land that is gently rolling or nearly flat.

____________ biomes are characterized by a very _______________ climate.
 very low amount of .
 four types: ______ , _______ , ______ , and _______ .

Arizona, Saudi Arabia, Africa

__________ less than 10 in.

____________ days, ____________ nights
 lack ___________ .
 contain _______________________
 plants that __________________ water

____________ thrive during _________________ .

Animals: Lizard, kangaroo rat, coyotes, camels, birds snakes, predator mammals abundant

Plants: Drought resistant shrubs and plants, cactus

___________ rainfall; extreme daily __________ changes.
 True receive less than 10 inches of rain per year.

Conditions are but many life forms and in deserts.

Deserts can be either cold OR hot…Can you name the world’s largest desert?

Minor biomes, such as ____________ , occur globally on a __________ _______

(Minor Biome)

_______ is a _________ found primarily in ________ and the ____ and is characterized by mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers and ___________ .

Annual _______________ is similar to that of the world’s grasslands (10-25 inches annually)

____________ __________ caps and mountains are not considered biomes.

Polar ice caps have no __________ , therefore ______ _____ .

The ________ and ___________ found on mountains change as the ___ changes.
3