Name: _________________________________________
Date Received: _____________
Honors Biology I Midpoint Assessment Review Sheet
The biology midpoint common assessment (MCA) consists of 75 multiple choice questions and 5 short answers. The questions are grouped into
categories. The midpoint common assessment makes up 10% of your overall grade. It is very important that you take the exam seriously!
Studying is not an option, it is required. In order to eliminate stress and students being overwhelmed we are going to take some time to review
what we have learned so far to remind you of what is important and what you will need to remember by the end of the semester. Portions of this
review sheet will be due throughout the next week. It will be checked on the due date. To get full credit for the review you must answer the
questions on a separate piece of paper. Write out detailed answers. Your answers do not have to be in sentences, but they do have to be
detailed! Use your notes and the textbook to answer the questions. When you turn in the questions each day you must turn in this paper. I will
record your daily grade in the checked column on the timeline below. On the last day I will add up your daily grades to give you a total out of 50.
If you turn in questions late you will receive half credit. It is very important that you have the review packet with you and completed.
Review Sheet Timeline
Chapter
1, 2, & 3
4&5
Due Date
Test Points value Points earned
28
23
Chapter 1 Intro to Science
1. Define the levels of biological organization from molecules to the biosphere, noting the relationship each level has to the
others. Molecules (DNA), Organelle (nucleus), Cell (nerve cell), tissue (Nervous tiessue), Organ (Brain), Organ system
(Nervous system), Organism (brown pelican), Population (Group of brown pelicans), Community (All organisms on Florida
coast), Ecosystem (All biotic and abiotic factors of Florida coast), Biosphere (Earth)
2. Explain how cells are the structural and functional units of life. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Cells are the lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life.
Prokaryotic – lack a nucleus, lack membrane bound organelles (Bacteria)
Eukaryotic – True nucleus, membrane bound organelles (plants, animals, fungi, protists)
3. Describe seven properties that are common to all life.
1) Order 2) Regulation 3) Growth and Development 4) Energy utilization 5) Response to the environment 6)
Reproduction 7) Evolution
4. Compare the three domains of life. Distinguish between the three multicellular kingdoms within Eukarya.
Domain Bacteria – prokaryotes (common bacteria)
Domain Archae – prokaryotes (extreme bacteria, halophiles, methanogens,e tc)
Domain Eukarya – eukaryotes (everything else!)
1) Fungi
2) Animalia
3) Plantae
4) Not perfectly defined yet - Protists
5. Describe the process and products of natural selection. Explain why individuals cannot evolve.
The selection of beneficial variations of individuals within a population that allow them to survive to reproductive age and
pass on their genes. Individuals cannot evolve, only populations can evolve over very long periods of time.
6. Define a hypothesis, and compare inductive and deductive reasoning.
Hypothesis – tentative answer to some question.
Inductive reasoning – derives general principles from a large number of specific observations.
Deductive reasoning – derives specific principles from general observations.
7. Define a control, and describe an example.
A variable that does not change through the experiment. For example, washing your hair with water if testing the effects
of a specific type of soap.
Chapter 2 and 3: Biochemistry and Organic Compounds
8. List the 4 elements necessary for life. CHON
9. Recall matter. What are the particles found in an atom? What is an ion? Isotope?
Protons (+), Neutrons (0), Electrons (-). An ion is a charged atom (negatively charged – anion). An ion is a charged
atom (positively charged – cation). Isotope: Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
10. All organic compounds contain what element? Carbon
11. Differentiate between a covalent and ionic bond. Sharing of electron/transfer of electrons
12. For each of the following, list the monomers, polymers, and major function in the body.
a. Carbohydrates – monosaccharides,
c. Lipids – glycerol and fatty acids,
polysaccharides. Energy, structure in
(triglyceride, phospholipid, steroids,
plants
waxes) insulation, waterproofing, long
b. Proteins - amino acids, polypeptides,
term energy storage
enzymes, structure, membrane transport
d. Nucleic Acids – nucleotides, polymer,
DNA and ATP
13. For each of the following, list the type of organic compound it is, whether it is a monomer or polymer, and its major
function.
a. Cellulose – polymer, carb, plant structure
f. Glycerol and 3 fatty acids – monomer,
b. Polypeptide – polymer, protein, general
lipid, triglyceride
protein function
g. Starch – polymer, carb, energy storage in
c. Glycogen – polymer, carb, energy storage
plants
in humans
h. Phospholipids – monomer, lipid, cell
d. Polysaccharide – polymer, carb, energy
membranes
e. Disaccharide – polymer, carb, energy
i. Wax – monomer, lipid, coatings/protecting
j. Glucose – monomer, carb, energy
14. Differentiate between hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis. Include which one makes bonds and which one breaks
bonds, and also which one stores energy and which one releases energy. Hydrolysis – adding a water to break polymer,
release energy Dehydration synthesis – remove water to build a polymer, energy storage.
15. Why doesn’t oil and water mix? Polar/nonpolar
16. Explain acids and bases using the pH scale:
a. 0-7 acid, 7-14 base
Chapter 4 and 5: Cell Structure & Function
17. What is the role of enzymes in the human body? speed up reactions
18. List the 3 components of cell theory. 1)All living organisms are composed of cells 2) Cells are the basic structure and
function of all living things 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells
19. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Give an example of each. Pro – single celled, no membrane
bound organelles, bacteria. Eukaryotic – multicellular, membrane bound organelles, everything else
20. What is the function of each of the following organelles?
a. Nucleus – control center, houses DNA
g. Lysosomes contains digestive enzymes to
b. Cell Membrane serves as out barrier,
remove wastes
regulates what enters/exits the cell
h. Golgi apparatus ships, packages, and
c. Ribosomes – makes proteins
modifies proteins and lipids
d. Mitochondria powerhouse of the cell, site
i. Vacuoles
of cellular respiration
Contains water and storage of materials, only in plants
e. Chloroplasts site of photosynthesis,
contains chlorophyll
f. Rough endoplasmic reticulum holds
ribosomes, transports lipids and proteins
21. What organelles are present in a plant cell that are absent in an animal cell? Chloroplasts, cell wall,
vacuole
22. What are the four levels of organization from simplest to most complex? cell, tissue, organ, organ
system
23. Define the following terms:
j. Solution substance in higher concentration, dissolves solutes (usually water)
k. Diffusion movement of substances from high to low concentration (across cell membrane)
l. Osmosis movement of water from high to low
m. passive transport cell transport from high to low requiring no energy
n. active transport cell transport from low to high requiring energy
o. facilitated diffusion passive transport (high to low) requiring a protein (large, charge
substances)
p. endocytosis movement of large particles into the cell
q. exocytosis movement of large particles out of the cell
24. Draw an example and describe what would happen in cells of the following solutions: hypertonic –
more solute surrounding the cell, water moves out, cell shrinks, hypotonic more solute in the cell,
water moves into cell, cell swells or shrinks, isotonic equal amount of solute in and out of cell,
equal exchange of water in and out of cell