Circuits, Devices, Networks, and Microelectronics
INDEX
Power amplifier power flow
335
Power dissipated in the circuit, PD
335 -338
Efficiency in power amplifiers
335
Thermal resistance
336
Maximum rated junction temperature TJ(max) 336
Junction temperature TJ
336
Ambient temperature TA
336
Mil-spec requirements
337
Contact thermal resistance
337
Heat sink resistance
337
Maximum power hyperbola
338
De-rated power
338, 339
Duty cycle classification of power amplifiers
339, 340
Class-A amplifiers
339-340, 347-350
Class-B amplifiers
339-340, 351-353
Class-C amplifiers
339-340
Class-D amplifiers
339-340, 370-373
Power transistors
341-342, 344-347
pin junction
342-343
Power BJT
344-346
Drift region
344
Quasi-saturation
344-346
Power MOSFET
346-347
Velocity saturation
347
Channel resistance
347
HEXFETs
347
Distortion
353-354
Cross-over distortion
355
Class-AB amplifiers
356Thermal runaway
357
Darlington pair
358
Super-beta transistor
358
VBE multiplier
359
Class-AB Darlington configuration
359
Instantaneous power dissipation
361
Clamping diodes
363
Snubber
363
Short-circuit protection
363
1
Circuits, Devices, Networks, and Microelectronics
Fold-over current limiting
363-365
Power opamps
365-369
Power bridge
367-369
Pulse-width modulation
370
Double-diffused structure
346
Ideal switch
377
Down converter
377-383
Complementary switches
377
Time-averaged sinusoidal power
340
Series switch
379
Shunt switch
379
Time-averaging
378-379
Ripple in DC-DC converters
379, 382-383, 386Duty cycle of series switch
379
Inductive complementary switching
380
Direct down-converter
380
Direct up-converter
383-387
DC-DC indirect up-down converter
388
Turn-on and turn-0ff times in switches 390
Power dissipated during transition
389-390
Differential amplifier
395
Differential coupled pair
395
Current steering
395-396
Emitter-coupled pair
396-401
Single-ended ECP
400
ECP half
401
Common-mode gain
401
Common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR)
401, 405, 407, 413
Stiff current sources
401-404
Simple current mirror
402
Wilson current mirror
403
ECP with Darlington-pair inputs
404
Active-load emitter-coupled pair (ECP)
408-411
Source-coupled pair (SCP)
411-414
CMOS source-coupled pair
414
Active-load source-coupled-pair (SCP)
414
Nullator-norator
419, 347
Common-mode rejection
419,431
Slew-rate
419,433-434
Feedback factor for opamp
419
Feedback for opamp with finite gain
419-422
Non-inverting topology
419-421
Inverting topology
419-422
Virtual connection
422
2
Circuits, Devices, Networks, and Microelectronics
Zero frequency gain of opamp
423
Unity-gain frequency of opamp
423
Compensation of opamp to a STC response
422
Gain-bandwidth product (GB) of opamp
423
Bandwidth of opamp with feedback
424, 428
Effect of feedback on opamp Rin
424-425
Equivalent input impedance Zin
425-428
Effect of feedback on opamp Rout
428-429
Equivalent output impedance Zout
429-430
Equivalent input pseudo-capacitance Ceq
427
Equivalent output pseudo-inductance Leq
428
CMRR for opamp
431-432
Compensation capacitance of opamp
433
Opamp macromodels
434-440
Macromodel for LM342 opamp
435-436
Macromodel for LF411 opamp
436-437
Maximum power bandwidth
433
Instrumentation amplifier
432
Feedback, generic
443
Feedback, negative
443
Loop gain
443
Nyquist plot
443
Stability of circuits with feedback
444
Phase margin (PM)
444
Gain margin (GM)
444
Unit circle
444
Gain stabilization
445
Desensitivity factor
446-447
Feedback effect on I/O impedances
446
Sampling and insertion in feedback
446
Biquadratic loops
447
Biquadratic profiles
447-448
Low-pass biquadratic profile
448
Band-pass biquadratic profile
448
Biquadratic characteristic frequency
447
Bandpass
448
Gain-peaking (GP)
448, 455
Maximally-flat biquad profile
449
Gain-peaking frequency
452-453
Pulse overshoot (OS)
456
Root-loci for biquadratic functions
456
Gain-peaking and phase margin (PM)
457
Active filters
459-484, 468
Bilinear frequency response forms
460-461
3
Circuits, Devices, Networks, and Microelectronics
Biquadratic frequency response forms
461-462
Butterworth profiles for low-pass biquad
464-465
Chebyshev profiles for low-pass biquad
464-465
Bessel-Thomson profiles for low-pass biquad
464-465
Ripple in the stop-band
465
Ripple in the pass-band
465
Normalized forms
465
Frequency rescaling
465-468
Rescaling frequency
467
RC rescaling
467-468
RLC rescaling
468
Impedance-magnitude rescaling
468
Biquadratic active circuit topologies
469-475
Sallen-Key tunable-Q topology
469-470
Sallen-Key, tapering factor
470
Sallen-Key, Saraga low-sensitivity design
471
Two-integrator loop
471
State-variable filters
471-472
Tow-Thomas biquad
472
Ring-of three biquad
472
Biquadratic filter functions and root-loci
475
Fourth-order Butterworth profile using Sallen-Key
476
Fourth-order Chebyshev profile using root-loci
477
Ripple factor of Chebyshev profile
477
Fourth-order Chebyshev profile using Sallen-Key
477
Doubly-terminated RLC ladders
477-478
RLC:CRD transformation
480-481
Frequency-dependent negative resistance (FDNR)
480-481
Generalized Impedance Converter (GIC)
481-482
Doubly-terminated RLC ladder and 5th-order Chebyshev
482-484
th
RLC:CRD transformation and 5 -order Chebyshev
482-484
Equal-capacitance realization
483
Fleige topology
481
UHF regime
487
Distributed parasitic reactance
487
Transmission lines
487-489
Coaxial cable
488
Transmission line impedance Z0
488
Reflection coefficient 0
489, 490
Reflection coefficient 
489, 490
Propagation constant
490
Phase velocity
490
Speed of light
490
Free-space wavelength
490
4
Circuits, Devices, Networks, and Microelectronics
Standing-wave ratio (SWR)
492
Voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR)
492
Matched load
490,493
Line phase
493
Quarter-wave transformer
494
Microstrip lines
494
Normalized impedance
495
Smith chart
495-499
Z-Smith chart
495-496
YZ-Smith chart
497
Reactance paths
498-499
Susceptance paths
498-499
Nomograph
496, 498
Dynamic range
501, 522
Fugacity
501
Thermal noise voltage
501-502
Thermal noise current
501-502
Johnson-Nyquist noise
502
Johnson noise
503
Thermal noise
503
White (full-spectrum) noise
503
Nyquist formula
503
Noise bandwidth
502,504
Signal to noise ratio
504
Noise factor
505
Noise temperature
505
Noise floor
506
Minimum detectible signal
506
dBW
506
dBm
506
Noise figure
506
Cascaded stages and noise
507-508
Noise in amplifiers
510
Shot noise
510-511, 513-5-14
Noise spectral density (NSD)
510
Pink noise
511
1/f noise
511
Optimum source resistance
512
Base-spreading resistance
513
Optimized collector current IC
516
Noise nomenclature in pspice
518-520
Optimization of noise factor
520
Intermodulation distortion
521
Cubic distortion
521
5
Circuits, Devices, Networks, and Microelectronics
Two-tone intercept level
522
6