87. Savoir = to know (facts): pp=su
1ère
personne
2ème
personne
Singulier
Je sais = I know, I do know, I am
knowing
Tu sais = you know, you do know, you
are knowing
Pluriel
Nous savons = we know, we do know, we
are knowing
Vous savez = you know, you do know,
you are knowing
3ème
personne
Il/elle/on/qui/tout le monde sait =
He/she/we/who/everybody knows
Ils savent/ Elles savent = they know,
they do know, they are knowing
* We use this verb to indicate knowing something by memory.
Some examples: the alphabet, lyrics to a song, a telephone number, etc. It can also
mean “to know the fact”. *
87a. Savoir + infinitive = to know how to do something
ex.
Je sais nager = I know how to swim.
Il sait jouer aux cartes = He knows how to play cards.
* Savior can be followed by “QUE” or by an infinitive verb. Connaître cannot!
* Savior is used with question words.
88. Connaître* = to know (be acquainted with) pp = connu
(known)
1ère
personne
2ème
personne
3ème
personne
Singulier
Je connais – I know, I am acquainted with
Tu connais - You know, You are acquainted
with
Il/elle/on/qui/ tout le monde connaît –
He/she/one/who/everyone knows, is
acquainted with.
Pluriel
Nous connaissons – We know,
We are acquainted with
Vous connaissez – You know,
You are acquainted with
Ils/elles connaissent – They
know, They are acquainted
with.
ex. connaître = to be acquainted with people, place or things
* Connaître will NEVER be followed by an infinitive or QUE!
* If you can’t memorize the object of the sentence, you probably use this verb,
not savoir!
89. venir = to come (pp = venu (e)(s))
1ère
personne
2ème
personne
3ème
personne
Singulier
Je viens = I come, I’m coming, I do come
Tu viens = you come, you’re coming, you
do come
Il/elle/on/qui/tout le monde vient:
he/she/we/everybody comes
Pluriel
Nous venons = We come, we’re
coming, we do come
Vous venez = You come, you are
coming,, you do come
Ils/elles viennent: they’re
coming, they do come, they come
89a. devenir = to become (pp = devenu (e)(s))
1ère
personne
2ème
personne
3ème
personne
Singulier
Je deviens = I become, I’m becoming, I do
become
Tu deviens = you become, you’re
becoming, you do become
Il/elle/on/qui/tout le monde devient:
he/she/we/everybody becomes
Pluriel
Nous devenons = We become,
we’re becoming, we do become
Vous devenez = You become, you
are becoming, you do become
Ils/elles deviennent: they’re
becoming, they become, they do
become
89b. revenir = to come back (pp = revenu (e)(s))
1ère
personne
Singulier
Je reviens = I come back, I’m coming back, I
do come back
2ème
personne
Tu reviens = you come back, you’re
coming, you do come
3ème
personne
Il/elle/on/qui/tout le monde revient:
he/she/we/everybody comes back
Pluriel
Nous revenons = We come back,
we’re coming back, we do come
back
Vous revenez = You come back,
you are coming back, you do come
back
Ils/elles reviennent: they’re
coming back, they do come back,
they come back
89c. se souvenir = to remember (reflexive verbs) (pp =
souvenu (e)(s))
1ère
personne
Singulier
Je me souviens = I remember, I’m
remembering, I do remember
2ème
personne
Tu te souviens = you remember, you’re
remembering, you do remember
3ème
personne
Il/elle/on/qui/tout le monde
se souvient: he/she/we/everybody
remembers
Pluriel
Nous nous souvenons = We
remember, we’re remembering,
we do remember
Vous vous souvenez = You
remember, you are remembering,
you do remember
Ils/elles se souviennent: they’re
remembering, they do remember,
they remember
81. Direct Object Pronouns
1ère
pers.
2ème
pers.
3ème
pers.
me/m’
Me
Nous
Ourselves
Te/t’
You
Vous
You (plural or Formel)
Le
Him, it (m.s. object
Les
Them or it
La
Her, it (f.s. object)
L’
Him, her, it (sing. Object in front of a
vowel or silent h)
The direct object pronoun (DOP) will replace the object of the verb
( answers the question, “who” or “what”).
82. Object Pronoun Règle 1: Present and Past tense
Pour le temps présent et le passé composé, the object pronoun – reflexive, DOP or
IOP – will be placed in front of the conjugated verb.
The object pronoun marries the verb, and sticks to it like glue. Nothing will break
them apart.
Ex.
J’écris la lettre.  replace une lettre with l’.
Put the DOP in front of the verb.  Je l’écris.
Ex.
Il voit le film.  replace le film with le.
Put the DOP in front of the conjugated verb ie. the helping verb.  Il le voit.
* When you make the sentence negative, the ne…pas will go around the object pronoun
– conjugated verb construction. *
Ex.
J’écris la lettre.  Je l’écris.  Je ne l’écris pas.
Il voit le film.  Il le voit.  Il ne le a pas film.
83. Object Pronoun Règle 2: Futur Proche
Le futur proche is the construction: conjugated verb (aller) + infinitive.
Note that this rule holds true for any sentence containing a conjugated verb
followed by an infinitive, not just aller + infinitive.
The object pronoun will precede the infinitive verb, because that is the verb
doing the action to the IOP or DOP.
Ex.
Je vais donner le cadeau.  replace un cadeau with le.  Je vais le donner.
 Je ne vais pas le donner.
84. Object Pronoun Règle 3: Positive Commands
Pour l’impératif affirmative (positive command), the object pronoun (reflexive,
direct or indirect) attaches to the end of the verb with a hyphen.
Ex.
Mange les fruits!
Offrez le rasoir!
Regardons la télé !
 Mange-les !
 Offrez-le !
 Regardons-la !
 Eat them!
 Offer it!
 Let’s watch it!
85. Object Pronoun Règle 4: Negative Commands
L’impératif négatif est comme règle 1: The object pronoun (reflexive, DOP or IOP)
comes right before the conjugated verb, and sticks to it like glue, The ne…pas
cannot break the bond.
Ex.
Ne mange pas les fruits!  Ne les mange pas!
N’offrez pas le rasoir!  Ne l’achetez pas!
Ne regarde pas la télé!  Ne la regarde pas !