Lecture Notes
Name:
Chapter 1: New World Encounters
Big Picture Statement:
Define the following terms: Answer the following questions:
Agricultural Revolution
1. Explain how Ice Age hunters may have crossed the Bering Straits and began settling
North America.
2. Discuss the sophistication of the cultures of the Mayans, Aztecs, Toltecs, and
Algonquians.
Columbian Exchange
Mayans
Azetcs
Toltecs
Algonquians
Region
Renaissance
Characteristics
Conquistadores
Advancements
3. Explain the impact of the Columbian Exchange on the American Indians?
Treaty of Tordesillas
Encomienda System
4. Describe the changing social conditions and new scientific discoveries that resulted in
European voyages.
Protestant Reformation
5. How did the slave trade begin?
6. Describe the economic, political, social, and religious factors of the Spanish colonial
system, as well as the impact of this system on the Native peoples.
Predestination
7. Show the similarity between the British treatment of the Irish in the latter part of the
sixteenth century and treatment of the slaves and Native Americans during the Colonial
Era.
Example AP Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following was true of the Northeast American Indian tribes at the time Europeans first began
colonization?
A. Their economies depended entirely on hunting and gathering.
B. Their political and linguistic differences hindered their united opposition to the Europeans.
C. Their populations were immune to European diseases.
D. Their warriors rarely engaged in intertribal warfare.
E. Their cultures made no distinction between men’s work and women’s work.
2. The single greatest factor that caused the destruction of Native Americans after contact with Europeans was
A. disease.
B. planned genocide.
C. forced conversions to Christianity.
D. warfare.
E. forced removal from tribal lands.
3. In their relations with the Native Americans, the French
A. drove them from their land in order to set up plantations.
B. tended to cultivate good relations because of the Native Americans' knowledge of fur trapping.
C. were at a distinct disadvantage.
D. were ruthless in their treatment of the Native Americans.
E. were as obsessed with Christian conversion as the Spanish.
4. In the Columbian Exchange, the Old World and the New exchanged
A. animal, plant, and microbial life forms
B. technologies
C. religious beliefs
D. political systems
E. scientific theories