Name: _____________________________________ Date: ____________________ Page: _____
The Columbian Exchange:
 Voyages launched large-scale contact between ____________________ and ____________________
 Interactions with ____________________________________ led to cultural changes
 *** The widespread exchange of plants, animals, ideas, and disease is known as the
______________________________________ .
From the Americas From Europe, Africa, and Asia
 Animals
 Plants
 Animals
 Plants
 Diseases
Impact of Columbian Exchange on Native Americans/Indigenous Peoples
 Europeans learned the _____________________________ of the ________________________ system
- What does plantation system rely on? Economic benefit of using local forced labor
 ___________________ --> Europeans brought measles, mumps, smallpox, typhus, etc. This is a problem because the local, indigenous people have no natural immunity to these diseases.
Impact on Africans
 Slave trade explodes
- Especially in __________________________________
- Over the next 300 years (1500-1800s), approximately _______________________ people are taken and enslaved from Africa
Impact on Europeans
 Europeans = cross the Atlantic --> leads to one of the largest voluntary _____________________ in world history
 ______________________________ enflames national rivalries in Europe, causing _______________
 Growth of trade markets changes the world forever

The Columbian Exchange was both ______________________ and _____________________ in its impacts and effects throughout the world.
Positive Effects Negative Effects
 Introduced new __________ to the
European diet that provided greater nutrition
 Economics and _________________________
- Cattle ranching, coffee growing come as a result of the Columbian Exchange
 Diversified crops grown
 ________________ = the most negative effect for the original Americans
- The fatality rate was over 95%
 Launched a decline in native populations
that would continue for _________________
 Also saw periods of intermittent
______________ and other episodes of violence
Interestingly, Europeans believed it was God's will that Native Americans/indigenous peoples died as a result of these diseases.
 Why? No ________________________________ at the time = do not know how diseases spread
 In Europe, illness was considered to be a consequence of ____________ or bad behavior
- Europeans saw the native populations as ___________________ (non-Christian), so they regarded them as sinners who "got what they deserved" when they died from diseases (the disease was a punishment from God in their eyes)
New Economic Systems Emerge
Mercantilism
A nation's economic strength depended on its _______________
For a nation to be more powerful, it needed to take __________ and ________________ away from other countries
Leads to ____________________________ between nations
Get rich two ways: 1) extract ___________________________ from mines at home and in colonies and 2) sell more goods than it bought from ________________________ countries
 *Basically, ______________ more than you ______________
Requires a favorable ________________________________________
(the idea of selling more/making more money than you buy from others/spend)
For mercantilism to work, countries had to build _____________ empires (need colonies!
Capitalism
____________________________________ is the shift from mercantilism to capitalism.
Happens because there are changes in
________________ (trade) and moneymaking methods
Transition to capitalism results in
____________________, or a steady increase in prices, and creation of jointstock companies, where people could buy shares in a corporation/
Capitalism is based on:
1) ___________________________________
2) ___________________________________
3) ___________________________________