1/13: ALL ABOUT CELLS
TOPICS
 Animal vs. Plant cells
 Cell Theory
 Levels of Organization
 Cell Processes
1) Describe cell organelle structure and function including: cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, vacuole,
nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts
Organelle
Structure
Function
Cell membrane
Semi-permeable membrane that Substances pass in and out of
surrounds the cell
cell
Cell wall
Rigid structure that surrounds
Protects the plant cell and gives
the cell
the plant cell rigid support
Cytoplasm
Jelly-like substance that fills the Holds organelles in place
cell
Nucleus
Circular structure in cell –
Control center for the cell
medium sized
Vacuole
One large structure for plant
Plant cells: holds water
cells
Animal cells: holds water,
Many small structures for
waste, and food
animal cells
Mitochondria
Football shaped structure with
Where energy for the cell is
wavy lines
made
Chloroplasts
Green oval structure
Site of photosynthesis
2) Describe the differences between an animal cell and plant cell. Include differences about the Cell Wall,
Chloroplasts, and Vacuole
Plant cell has chloroplasts and animal cells do not (photosynthesis in plants only)
Plant cell has one large vacuole (stores water) and animal cell has many (stores water, waste, and
food)
Plant cell has a cell wall and animal cell doesn’t
3) State the three Cell Theory points
Cell Theory:
1. All living things are composed of cells.
Ex: animal, plant, bacteria cells
2. Cells are the basic unit of life.
Ex: Cells make tissue and tissue makes organs.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Ex: asexual and sexual reproduction
4) Order the following from smallest to largest: (Levels of Organization)
Cell tissue  organ  organ system  organism  population
community  ecosystem  biome
Example: A lion is made of cells and has tissue that makes up the organs within the lion’s body, such as
the lion’s heart, lungs, and stomach. Those organs are part of organ systems, such as the circulatory
system, the respiratory system, and the digestive system. All of the parts of the lion make up the lion as
on organism. The lion lives with other lions that make up the lion population. Those lions live within a
community made of other organisms, such as zebra, hyena, giraffe, and antelope. That community lives
in the grassland ecosystem and that ecosystem is found within the African Savanah Biome.
5) Describe Turgor Pressure plants.
Why is a plant wilted? It has low turgor pressure (empty vacuole)
Why is a plant perky? It has high turgor pressure (full vacuole)
6) Describe the difference between Photosynthesis and Respiration. Include the chemical formula for both
and where the reaction occurs for both. (see next page)
Plant
Nucleus: control center, contains
genetic info. – chromosomes
Vacuole: one large that holds
water
Cytoplasm: jelly-like holds
organelles in place
Chloroplast: site of photosynthesis
Mitochondria: powerhouse of the
cell, stores energy
Cell wall: structure, support,
protection
Cell membrane: allows substances
to enter and exit
Animal
Nucleus
Vacuoles: many small that hold
water, waste, and food
Cytoplasm
No chloroplast
Mitochondria
No cell wall
Cell membrane
Cell Theory:
4.All living things are composed of cells.
Ex: animal, plant, bacteria cells
5.Cells are the basic unit of life.
Ex: Cells make tissue and tissue makes organs.
6. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Ex: asexual and sexual reproduction