Midterm Review KEY
Word bank:
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Enzyme
Phospholipid
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Carbon
1-6, 7, 8-14
Dependent Variable
All organic compounds contain this
element
Carbon
On the pH scale, what is an acid, base
and neutral?
1-6 (acid), 7 (neutral), 8-14 (base)
Disaccharides, polysaccharides and
monosaccharides belong to which
group?
What organic molecule do amino
acids form?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
A variable in an experiment that can
be measured is called the:
Dependent variable
Phospholipids, fatty acids and
glycerols belong to which group?
Lipids
RNA, DNA and nucleotides belong to
which group?
Nucleic acids
A protein that speeds up reactions in
our bodies
Enzyme
A lipid that contains a hydrophilic
head and a hydrophobic tail
Phospholipid
Carrier proteins
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Mitosis
Osmosis
Photosynthesis
Benedicts
Shrink
The sun
Diffusion
Cells that grow too big
cannot exchange
materials
Day time/night
time
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Exocytosis
1. Which indicator is used to test for simple sugars? Benedict’s
2. Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell growth because:
Cells that grow too big cannot exchange materials
3. The difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that prokaryotes do not have a:
nucleus
4. The structure that regulates what enters and leaves the cell is called the:
Cell membrane
5. A powerful cell that need a lot of energy might contain large numbers of:
mitochondria
6. Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration diffusion
7. Facilitated diffusion uses these to help in cell transport: carrier proteins
8. The process by which water passes into or out of a cell is called: osmosis
9. Movement of large molecules out of the cell: exocytosis
10. Based on the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, one can say that the
ultimate original source of energy for all living things on Earth is the: sun
11. The process whereby plants capture energy and make complex molecules is known as:
photosynthesis
12.
When does the light reaction take place? When does the dark reaction take place?
Day time/night time
13. What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? chloroplast
14. What would happen to a cell in a hypertonic environment? shrink
15. The 4 stages that take place after interphase are called: mitosis
Circle One:
1. Break down of sunlight energy, water and oxygen to make carbon dioxide and
glucose:
a. photosynthesis b. cell respiration
2. When muscles are exercised without enough oxygen:
a. Lactic acid fermentation b. alcoholic fermentation
3. 3. C6 H12O6 + O2 + H2O  CO2 + H2O + ATP What is this equation?
a. A. photosynthesis
b. cellular respiration
4. The enzyme responsible for unzipping DNA during replication is called:
a. DNA polymerase
b. Helicase
5. A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called:
a. Centromere
b. centriole
6. Process by which bacteria reproduce.
a. The cell cycle b. binary fission
7. G1 , S ,G2 ,M, C
a. The cell cycle b. binary fission
8. A cell’s nucleus divides in this stage (mitosis occurs):
a. telophase
b. prophase
9. The end product of mitosis results in:
a. Haploid cells
b. Diploid cells
10. Exchanging corresponding segments of DNA during meiosis is called:
a. crossing over
b. genetics
11. Molecule consisting of two strands of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds
a. RNA
b. DNA
12. The scientists credited with establishing the structure of DNA are:
a. Hershey and Chase
b. Watson and Crick
13. The transfer of genetic material from one cell to another, which Frederick Griffith
studied, is called:
a. Bacteriaphage b. transformation
14. Is a virus that infects bacteria:
a. eukaryotic cell
b. Bacteriaphage
Write the complimentary DNA strand:
TACATCGGCACT
ATGTAGCCGTGA
Write the complimentary mRNA strand:
AUGUAGCCGUGA
**Understand how to read codons in RNA to make proteins.
Code the mRNA strand above
Met-STOP
What are the 3 types of RNA needed for protein synthesis?
1. mRNA
2. tRNA
3. rRNA