1 ChemQuest 88 Name: ____________________________ Date: _______________ Hour: _____ Information: Ethers and Alcohols So far, you have learned about alkanes and alkenes, which are composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Some organic compounds contain an oxygen atom with only single bonds. Any such compound would either be an ether or an alcohol. Examine a couple ethers and alcohols below: Ethers Alcohols Critical Thinking Questions 1. Both alcohols and ethers contain single-bonded oxygen atoms. Compare the ethers and the alcohols carefully. What is the difference between an alcohol and an ether? They both have single-bonded oxygen atoms, but the oxygen in alcohols have a hydrogen atom bonded to it. 2. Label each of the following as an ether or an alcohol. ether __________________________ ether _________________________ alcohol __________________________ alcohol _________________________ Copyright 2002, 2014 by Jason Neil. All rights reserved. To make copies permission must be obtained from www.ChemistryInquiry.com. 2 Information: Ketones and Aldehydes Ketones Aldehydes Critical Thinking Questions 3. What is similar about ketones and aldehydes? They both have a carbon-oxygen double bond. 4. Look at the ketones and aldehydes carefully. How are they different? With an aldehyde, the carbon that contains the double-bonded oxygen has a hydrogen bonded to it. The same carbon lacks a hydrogen in ketones. 5. Label each of the following as either a ketone or an aldehyde. ketone __________________________ aldehyde _________________________ ketone __________________________ ketone _________________________ Copyright 2002, 2014 by Jason Neil. All rights reserved. To make copies permission must be obtained from www.ChemistryInquiry.com. 3 Information: Esters and Carboxylic Acids Esters Carboxylic acids Critical Thinking Questions 6. How are esters and carboxylic acids similar? They both have a carbon-oxygen double bond AND another oxygen with single bonds. 7. How are esters and carboxylic acid different? Carboxylic acids have a hydrogen bonded to their single-bonded oxygen atoms, but esters do not. 8. Label each of the following as either an ester or a carboxylic acid. ester __________________________ Carboxylic acid _________________________ Carboxylic acid __________________________ ester _________________________ Copyright 2002, 2014 by Jason Neil. All rights reserved. To make copies permission must be obtained from www.ChemistryInquiry.com. 4 9. Label each molecule as a ketone, alcohol, ether, ester, carboxylic acid, or aldehyde. ether __________________________ alcohol _________________________ ketone __________________________ ester _________________________ Carboxylic acid __________________________ ester _________________________ aldehyde __________________________ ether _________________________ Copyright 2002, 2014 by Jason Neil. All rights reserved. To make copies permission must be obtained from www.ChemistryInquiry.com. 5 Copyright 2002, 2014 by Jason Neil. All rights reserved. To make copies permission must be obtained from www.ChemistryInquiry.com.