LITERATURE SECTION:
fiction a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact
genre a kind of literary or artistic work
realistic fiction fictional story where people and events are realistic and could happen in real life
historical fictionReal events, places, or people are incorporated into a fictional or imaginative story
cause and effect
about another.
main idea
This is the relationship between two or more events in which one event brings
What the author says about the topic; the most important message of the selection.
point of view the perspective from which the writer tells the story (1st, 2nd, 3rd person; omniscient,
limited omniscient)
flashback
the method of returning to an earlier point in time for the purpose of making the
present clearer
foreshadowing An author's use of hints or clues to suggest events that will occur later in the story
personification A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or
attitudes
simile a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually
formed with 'like' or 'as')
metaphor
a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without the use
of such specific words of comparison as like, as, than, or resembles
idiom an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it
up
hyperbole
evoke humor
a figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or
alliteration
use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse
onomatopoeia a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple
examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum.
symbolism
The practice of representing things by means of symbols or of attributing symbolic
meanings or significance to objects, events, or relationships.
headingwords or phrases used to break up the text of an article into sections; often printed in a
different color and size to stand out
sub-heading
Helps students identify sections that provide additional information and provide a
predictor for that they will read.
debate a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal
discussion
an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic
argument
a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true
LATIN ROOT SECTION:
numer number
uni-, mono-, solbi-, di-, ducent-
one
two
hundred
milli-, kilo-
one thousand
magn-, maxi-, macrodia-, journ-
day
ann-, enn-
year(s)
large
multi- many
tri-
three
GRAMMAR SECTIONnoun
person, place, thing, or idea
compound noun
single noun formed from two or more words
common noun Names any one of a group of persons, places, things, or ideas
proper noun
a SPECIFIC person, place, thing, or idea
pronoun
takes the place of one or more noun; example: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, it
verb
expresses action or state of being
action verb
tells what action a person or thing is performing
linking verb
a verb that links the subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate. These verbs do
not show action. Common ones include, is, be, was, am, feel, are, were, been, seem.
helping verb helps the main verb show an action. By itself, a helping verb cannot show action.
Common ones include am, are, is, was, were, will, would, be, being, been, may, might, must.
adjective
a word that describes a noun
proper adjective
Scotland --> Scottish
an adjective that is formed from a proper noun; example: Africa --> African;
possessive adjective
A possessive pronoun such as my, our, your, his, her, its, and their that functions
as an adjective in a sentence.
adverb A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
predicate
The part of a sentence containing a verb and stating something about the subject (e.g.
went home in John went home)
direct object noun or pronoun that receives the action of a verb; tells who or what receives the
action; example: Bobby loved his PARENTS.
indirect object tells to whom or for whom the action of the verb is done; example: Jack showed the
DOG kindness.
predicate noun Is a noun that follows a linking verb. It defines the subject by telling what it is. ex The set
designer was a carpenter and electrician
independent clause
clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. Ex.
Kate noted the day's events in her journal.
subject of a sentence
who or what the sentence is about
subordinate clause
a clause in a complex sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence
and that functions within the sentence as a noun or adjective or adverb