RESTLESS EARTH REVISION
USE YOUR BOOK TO HELP YOU WITH THIS – IF IT’S NOT IN YOUR BOOK, ASK YOUR TEACHER OR COPY UP FROM
AN EXERCISE BOOK.
1. Label Figure 1.
2. Draw in convection currents on Figure 1.
Extension:
a) Describe each layer
b) Describe what convection currents do
Figure 1: The layers of the earth.
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1. Using Figure 2, describe the distribution of the world’s earthquakes (3) Hint: Describe where most
earthquakes are found in the world – imagine you are describing where they are to a blind person – use the
information given to you on the map. Remember North and South America are in the middle of this map (not
Europe like you are used to).
2. Using Figure 2, describe the distribution of the world’s volcanoes (3)
Figure 2: Map to show the distribution of the world’s earthquakes and volcanoes
Key:
Black dot = earthquake
Red triangle = volcano
Yellow line – plate boundary
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1. Using Figure 3, describe the distribution of the world’s young fold mountains (3)
2. Using Figure 3, describe the distribution of the world’s ocean trenches. (3)
Figure 3: Map to show the distribution of the World’s young fold mountains and ocean trenches.
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Add the following labels to Figure 4.
VENT
SECONDARY CONE
LAVA
ASH, GAS, STEAM,
MAGMA CHAMBER
CRATER
Figure 4: Diagram of a volcano
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Add the following labels to Figure 5. (Extension – describe the meaning of each key term)
SEISMIC WAVES
FOCUS
EPICENTRE
Figure 5: Diagram of an earthquake
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1. Use Figure 6 to complete the table below – circle the correct description.
2. Write two sentences that compares oceanic and continental crust – use comparison words. E.g:
Oceanic crust is _______________ BUT/HOWEVER/WHEREAS continental crust is __________________.
Or
Oceanic crust is thickER, thinER, heaviER, lightER than continental crust.
Figure 6: Oceanic and continental crust diagram
OCEANIC CRUST
CONTINENTAL CRUST
THICKER/THINNER
THICKER/THINNER
CANNOT SUBDUCT (SINK)/ CAN SUBDUCT
CANNOT SUBDUCT (SINK)/ CAN SUBDUCT
DENSER/LESS DENSE (HEAVIER/LESS HEAVY)
DENSER/LESS DENSE (HEAVIER/LESS HEAVY)
CONSTANTLY DESTROYED/ PERMANENT CRUST
CONSTANTLY DESTROYED/ PERMANENT CRUST
OLDEST/YOUNGEST
OLDEST/YOUNGEST
Comparison sentence 1:
Comparison sentence 2:
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Using Figure 7 and your own knowledge, answer the following questions:
1. Name the plate margin Figure 7 is showing.
2. Are the plates moving towards each other, pulling apart or sliding past one another?
3. What currents move the plates?
4. Why does an earthquake happen here?
5. How does the magma get out of the mantle?
6. What is formed when the magma cools and sets?
7. Give a real life example of this plate margin (name the two plates or the area where this plate margin can be
found).
Figure 7: Plate margin diagram
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Using Figure 8 and your own knowledge, answer the following questions:
1. Name the plate margin Figure 8 is showing.
2. Are the plates moving towards each other, pulling apart or sliding past one another?
3. What currents move the plates?
4. What builds up here before an earthquake happens?
5. Why do volcanoes not happen at this plate margin?
6. Give a real life example of this plate margin (name the two plates or the area where this plate margin can be
found).
Figure 8: Plate margin diagram
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Using Figure 9 and your own knowledge, answer the following questions:
1. Name the plate margin Figure 8 is showing.
2. Are the plates moving towards each other, pulling apart or sliding past one another?
3. What currents move the plates?
4. Why does an earthquake happen here?
5. What happens to the oceanic crust when it subducts (sinks) into the mantle?
6. What landform is formed at the subduction zone?
7. Why does increased pressure in the mantle lead to a volcano?
8. How do fold mountains form at this plate margin?
9. Give a real life example of this plate margin (name the two plates or the area where this plate margin
can be found).
Figure 9: Plate margin diagram
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Fill in the Figure 10 with a tick or cross.
Figure 10: Plate margin table
Plate margin
CONSTRUCTIVE
Does an earthquake
happen here?
Does a volcano happen
here?
Circle the landforms found
here:
Fold mountains
New crust ridges
Ocean trenches
DESTRUCTIVE
Fold mountains
New crust ridges
Ocean trenches
CONSERVATIVE
Fold mountains
New crust ridges
Ocean trenches
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