TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
Chapter 15 Concept Review
MATCHING
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the
description.
_____ 1. less erosion
_____ 2. resistance to pesticides
_____ 3. poverty
_____ 4. desirable traits transferred
_____ 5. desertification
_____ 6. action of living organisms
_____ 7. new crop varieties, increased yields
a. green revolution
b. overuse of land
c. fertile soil
d. high pesticide use
e. integrated pest
management
f. no-till farming
g. irrigation and
evaporation
h. genetic engineering
i. over harvesting
j. malnutrition
_____ 8. minimize economic damage from
pests
_____ 9. depleted fish populations
_____ 10. salinization
MULTIPLE CHOICE
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
_____ 11. A given plot of land can
produce more food when
used to grow plants than
when used to raise
animals because
a. 1 Cal animal protein
requires 10 Cal from
plants.
b. one-tenth of a plant’s
mass can be used as
food.
c. plants provide more
nutrients per gram.
d. Both (a) and (b)
_____ 12. The green revolution
depended on
a. new biodegradable
pesticides.
b. high-yielding grain
varieties.
c. clearing forest for crop
land.
d. organic fertilizers.
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Concept Review continued
_____ 13. Most of the living organisms in fertile soil are
found in
a. the surface litter and
topsoil.
b. the leaching zone.
c. the subsoil.
d. the bedrock.
_____ 18. Biological pest control
aims to do all the
following except
a. maintain tolerable pest
levels.
b. reduce all insects to
low levels.
c. leave non-pest species
unharmed.
d. boost plants’ natural
defenses.
_____ 14. Erosion is a danger
whenever the soil is
a. bare and exposed to
wind and rain.
b. plowed along the contour of the land.
c. covered with grass.
d. covered by forest.
_____ 19. Plowing with machines,
irrigating with drip
systems, and ________are
all modern agricultural
methods.
a. using manure
b. applying chemical
fertilizers
c. irrigating with ditches
d. Both (a) and (b)
____ 15. The development of
pesticide resistance is an
example of
a. malnutrition.
b. persistence.
c. pest control.
d. evolution.
_____ 20. Earth’s available arable
land is being reduced by
a. fast-growing human
populations.
b. soil erosion.
c. desertification.
d. All of the above
_____ 16. All of the following
describe typical types of
malnutrition except
a. amino acid deficiency.
b. insufficient variety of
foods.
c. diet of mostly
vegetables and grains.
d. low Calorie
consumption.
_____ 21. All of these contribute to
famine except
a. crop failure.
b. green revolution.
c. unequal distribution of
food.
d. drought.
_____ 17. Livestock in developing
countries provide
a. manure.
b. eggs and meat.
c. leather and wool.
d. All of the above
_____ 22. Almost of the seafood
consumed in the world is
produced through
aquaculture.
a. one-half
b. one-third
c. one-fourth
d. three-fourths
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Answer Key
AGREE OR DISAGREE
Concept Review
13 Accept any reasonable response. Sample
answer: Disagree; using ocean water for
irrigation could lead to extreme
salinization unless we used huge amounts
of water to keep washing the extra salt
away. It might work along the coast, but
using large amounts of water to wash
away salts might cause soil erosion.
14. Answers may vary. Sample answer:
Agree; when there is a war between
countries or within a country, transportation is disrupted. Without transportation, food sent as aid sits in storage
rather than being distributed to the people
who need it. Also, politi- cal struggles are
power struggles, and members of one side
often withhold food from members of the
other side simply to gain an advantage in
the power struggle.
15. Answers may vary. Accept any thoughtful response. Sample answer: Agree;
genetic engineering could transfer genes
for insect resistance from one plant
species into another. Genes from resist-ant
plants that we already eat are almost
certainly safer than chemical pesticides.
The problem with foreign genes would be
in transferring genes that cause aller-gic
reactions in some people.
16. Answers may vary. Sample answer:
Disagree; subsistence farmers do not
usually gain from planting the new, highyielding varieties, because they can’t
afford the fertilizer, pesticides, and
irrigation. For subsistence farmers,
traditional varieties grow better than new
varieties without expensive inputs.
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
f
d
j
h
b
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
c
a
e
I
g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
a
b
a
a
d
c
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
d
b
b
d
b
c
Critical Thinking
ANALOGIES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
b
c
b
d
c
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
a
b
a
b
d
INTERPRETING OBSERVATIONS
11. Planting large areas with one type of crop
plant gives pests of that crop a one-stop
food bonanza. In such a system, pests are
not confronted with the usual diversity
characteris-tic of natural landscapes.
Single crop systems also do not provide
refuges for the predators that otherwise
keep pest populations under control.
12. Single-crop farming does not provide the
checks and balances that nor-mally
regulate organism’s population sizes
under natural conditions. Natural habitats
are variable, with food sources being
thinly scattered over large areas and
predators occu- pying the same habitat as
their prey. Monocropped fields do not
provide this variability or these obstacles,
so pests are able to use much more of their
energy for producing young, and more of
these young survive to reproduce.
REFINING CONCEPTS
17. Chemical insecticides kill most insects
that come in contact with them. Biological
pest control might sterilize male insects,
broadcast pheromones to interfere with
mating of the target insects, or spread
bacte-ria that kill the target insects. These
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