Classification
Classification Scheme
How many kingdoms?
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Lumpers v. Splitters
5 Kingdoms: Monera (now archaebacteria &
eubacteria), Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia
6 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria,
Protista, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia
8 Kingdoms: Eubacteria, Archaebacteria,
Archenzoa, Chromista, Protista, Plantae, Fungi,
Animalia
Virus?
Where does it fit in?
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A Virus treads the fine line that separates
living and nonliving things
Viruses need a host cell (bacteria, plant or
animal) to live in and reproduce
Ex: AIDS, Herpes, Hepatitis C, Smallpox,
West Nile Virus, Ebola. SARS, Flu, Foot &
Mouth Disease
Archaebacteria
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Domain: Archaea
Prokaryotes
Unicellular
Have Cell Walls
Autotrophic or Heterotrophic
Anaerobic (does not require oxygen)
EX: Halophiles/ Thermophiles/
Methanogens
Eubacteria
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Domain: Bacteria
Prokaryote
Unicellular
Has Cell Walls
Autotroph or Heterotroph
Aerobic or anaerobic
Examples: e coli, strep,
cyanobacteria,
Treated with antibiotics
Protists
Domain: Eukarya
 Eukaryotic
 Both Unicellular and
Multicellular
 Some have cell walls
 Both Heterotrophic and
Autotrophic
 Aerobic
 Examples: Amoeba, Euglena,
Volvox, Algae
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FUNGUS
Decomposers
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Domain: Eukarya
Eukaryotic
Both Unicellular and
Multicellular
Cell walls made of
chitin
Heterotrophic
Aerobic
Examples:
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Next page
FUNGUS
Decomposers
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Common Molds: Mildew, Bread mold
Sac Fungi: Yeast, Powdery Mildew
Club Fungi: Mushrooms
Imperfect Fungi: Athletes Foot, Ringworm
Plant Kingdom
general characteristics
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Domain: Eukarya
Eukaryotic
Mutlicellular
Cell walls made of cellulose
Autotrophic
Aerobic
Plant Kingdom
general characteristics
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Has 12 major DIVISIONS
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The plant kingdom uses
divisions rather than phyla
Plants have three main parts
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Roots: anchor plant
Stems: transport materials
Leaves: site of photosynthesis (in
chloroplasts) MAKES THE FOOD!!
Examples: next page
Non-vascular
Divisions
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Liverwarts
Hornwarts
Mosses
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Small, low to the ground
MUST have moisture to reproduce
Decomposer
Vascular
W/O seeds
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Whisk Ferns
Club Mosses
Horse Tails
Ferns
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Largest group of vascular plants
Alternation of generations
Vascular
With Seeds
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Gnetae
Cycads
Ginkgoes
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Have male and female trees
Conifers (gymnosperms)
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Grow very large & old
Have needles and cones
flowering plants
Have flowers
 Produce Fruit
 Large variety
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The Animal Kingdom
Domain: Eukarya
 Eukaryotic
 Multicellular
 NO cell walls
 Heterotrophic
 Aerobic
 Examples:
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Next pages
Porifera/Sponges
Sponges
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Lack Specialized Tissues
Filter Feeders
Sessile (cannot move)
Asymmetry
Environmental Indicators
Cnidarians
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Stinging Cells
Radial Symmetry
Examples: Coral, hydra, sea anemone,
jelly fish
Platyhelminthes-Flatworms
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Bilateral Symmetry
Unsegmented/Flat
EX: Planarians, Tapeworms & Flukes
Nematoda-Roundworms
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Round, Unsegmented bodies
Ex: ascaris(hookworms & pinworms),
wuchereria bancrofti
Mollusks
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EX: Snails, slugs, Scallops &
Squids
Soft body protected by a hard shell
Mantle, Foot & Visceral Mass
Annelids-Segmented Worms
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EX; Earthworms, leeches & polychaetes
Segments, true coelomates
Most are hermaphroditic
Arthropods--- So many!!!!!!
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MOST DIVERSE ANIMAL PHYLUM
Segmented
bodies
Jointed
Appendages
Exoskeleton
made of
Chiton
Crustaceans
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2 body parts
EX: Crayfish, Crabs,
Lobsters, Pillbugs &
Shrimp
Arachnids
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8 legs & pedipalps
No antennae
Compound eyes
Spiders & Scorpions
-Insects----
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Antennae
6 legs
Diverse
Echinoderms
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Spiny Skin
Water Vascular System
Radial Symmetry
EX: Seastars, Sea
Cucumbers, Brittle
Stars, Sand Dollars
Chondrichthes
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Cartilage Fish
Sharks & Rays
Osteichthyes
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Bony Fish
Puffer
fish, carp,
salmon
Amphibians
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Lives on water & Land
3 Chamber heart
Eggs must stay damp
Reptiles
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Rough Skin
Amniotic Egg
Ex: Snakes, Lizards &
Crocodiles
Birds
 Warm
Blooded
 Flight
 Feathers?
Marsupials
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Pouches
Monotremes
Duck-Billed Platypus
& Spiny Ant Eater
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Egg-Laying Mammals
Placental
Mammals
•Carry young in utero
TaDa
The End