By Caitlin Antoch and Robert
Wood
Which Gland is involved?
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The Pituitary Gland is a
pea- sized gland located
at the base of the skull.
This gland secretes many
hormones and is referred
to as the “Master Gland”
because it controls
hormone functions all over
the body.
The Pituitary Gland
Which hormones are involved?
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The Human Growth
Hormone (hGH or GH)
is secreted from the
Anterior lobe of the
Pituitary Gland and is
responsible for growth
in children.
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The Anterior Pituitary Gland produces human growth hormone
(hGH or GH), also known as somatotropin.
GH binds to receptors on liver cells and they release insulin- like
growth factor- 1 (IGF-1).
This hormone causes body cells to grow and stimulates protein
synthesis within cartilage, bones, and muscle.
This hormone increases the growth rate of bones and muscles
during childhood.
GH also has many effects on metabolism
GH stimulates the rate at which amino acids enter cells and protein
synthesis occurs.
GH stimulates fat and carbohydrate metabolism.
Negative Feedback loop of the Growth
Hormone
Amount of Growth Hormone
What Causes this Disorder?
Hyposecretion
(underproduction) of the
Growth Hormone during
growing years causes slow
bone growth and the
epiphyseal plates close
before normal height is
reached. This condition is
known as Dwarfism.
Proportionate Dwarfism
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Proportionate (Pituitary) Dwarfism results from
medical conditions limiting overall growth and
development.
In a person with Proportionate Dwarfism, the
head, trunk, and limbs are all small but they are
proportionate to each other.
Growth Hormone deficiency is a common cause
for this disorder.
It occurs when the Pituitary Gland fails to produce
an adequate amount of Growth Hormone.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002159/
Tortora, Gerald J. and Sandra Reybolds Grabowski. Principles of Anatomy and
Physiology. New York: Harper Collins College, 1993. Print.
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Pituitary+gland+growth+hormone&hl=en&biw=128
0&bih=856&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=lRiQRQxMQnlKaM:&imgrefurl=http://kids.britan
nica.com/elementary/art87270&docid=nxVXrQ_A0NsWoM&imgurl=http://media.web.britannica.com/ebmedia/13/93313-034-70936098.jpg&w=550&h=400&ei=h2JzT-hIcry2QW0sLDUDg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=125&sig=103961430341098122716&pag
e=1&tbnh=148&tbnw=203&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0&tx=168&ty=46
http://www.neurosurgery.pitt.edu/minc/skullbase/pituitary/index.html
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pituitary.html
Works Cited cont.
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http://www.google.com/imgres?q=pituitary+gland+location&hl=en&sa=X&gbv=2&biw=1280&bih=856&tbm=isch&t
bnid=7Zhu1Te9JriTSM:&imgrefurl=http://thebrainlabs.com/brain.shtml&docid=oU2pwkKKoNfr0M&imgurl=http://th
ebrainlabs.com/Images/pituitary_gland.gif&w=237&h=261&ei=J2tzT5WTKqLE2wWO4tX5Dg&zoom=1&iact=hc&
vpx=685&vpy=546&dur=3906&hovh=208&hovw=189&tx=148&ty=85&sig=103961430341098122716&page=1&tb
nh=147&tbnw=133&start=0&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:21,s:0
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=pituitary+gland+growth+hormone&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&gbv=2&biw=1280&bih=
856&tbm=isch&tbnid=zMRyk9YvNeNcmM:&imgrefurl=http://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/acromegalyglandsinvolved.htm&docid=MKTg3pQXzNmJtM&imgurl=http://www.medindia.net/patients/patientinfo/Images/Gro
wthHarmone.gif&w=306&h=367&ei=H21zT7XkL8Gs2gWIwLnaDg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=141&sig=10396143034
1098122716&page=1&tbnh=153&tbnw=127&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:0&tx=100&ty=70