Yunasko supercapacitors –
the best choice to get both
high power and energy density
Dr. Natalia Stryzhakova, Deputy R&D Director
Supercapacitors Europe, Berlin, April 17-18, 2013
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Table of contents
1. Brief company presentation
2. C/C supercapacitors: YUNASKO approach to reduce ESR
and RC values
3. YUNASKO hybrid devices
4. Conclusions and Acknowledgements
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
About Yunasko
YUNASKO Ltd is registered in the UK since Feb. 2010 and has the
subsidiary company: YUNASKO-Ukraine with R&D, Design Bureau
and Pilot Plant (team 60+).
The core R&D team has 23 years of experience in UC technology.
Previous R&D projects included:
-
Idaho National Laboratory (1996-1997)
Superfarad/Skeleton Technologies (1996-2002)
Ener1 Group (2004-2005)
APowerCap Technologies (2006-2009)
Pilot Plant managers have wide experience in the capacitor industry
(former “Kation” Plant in Ukraine).
Near perspectives: scale production in Europe and Asia.
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Energy storage system classification
EDLC
Battery
Internal
Serial
Hybrids
Internal
Parallel
Hybrids
AC
BN
AC
AC
2-6 Wh/kg; 1-10 kW/kg
BP
15-200 Wh/kg; 1-5 kW/kg
BP
10-20 Wh/kg; ~2 kW/kg
BN
AC/LTO
AC
AC/LMO
D.Cericola et al. J.Power Sources, 2011, v.196, p.10305-10313
D.Cericola, R. Kötz. Electrochim. Acta, 2012, v.72, p.1-17.
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
EDLC vs. Hybrid capacitor (HC)
1. Capacitance
1
1
1


CT CP C N
CT 
CP ( N )
2
CT  CP ( N )
2. Resistance
REDLC < RHC
3. Voltage
UEDLC £UHC
W.G.Pell, B.E.Conway. J.Power Source, 2004, v.136, p.334-345
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Low internal resistance, Rin
- key advantage of SC devices in various applications
Heat generation = ʃI2Rint
(low heat generation implies simple design and safety)
Efficiency = RLoad/(RLoad + Rin)
(high efficiency is important for KERS and many other applications)
Power output ~ 1/ Rin
(high power density allows to meet customer requirements with less mass)
Quick response (low RC-constant)
(is important for grid frequency regulation)
Also MASS and COST reduction!
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Yunasko approach to reduce R and RC
SC resistivity (in W.cm2)
Thus:
total
~ 1.0
rAl-C
~ 0.01
rC
~ 0.07
rEl
~ 0.9
Though: rEl-in-bulk
“pore resistance”
~ 0.2
~ 0.7
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Correlation of diffusion coefficients in pores
with SC resistance
1.7
1.6
EDLC resistivity, R, Ohm.cm2
EDLC resistivity, R, Ohm.cm2
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
1.5
1.3
1.1
0.9
0.7
0.5
2
7
12
Diffusion coefficient, D, 10-10 m2/s
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1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
-10
2
Diffusion coefficient, D, 10 m /s
2.2
Diffusion coefficients of BF4- anions and EtMe3N+cations in NP carbons
(pulsed field-gradient 19F NMR measurements,
see: Y. Cohen, L. Avram, L. Frish; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2005, 44, p.520 )
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Correlation of diffusion coefficients in pores
with SC resistance
NOTE: in bulk solution
Deff = 10.1×10-10 m2/s
Diffusion coefficients of Fc+ cations in NP carbons
(Rotating Disc Electrode measurements, see: A.J.Bard, L.R.Faulkner; Electrochemical
Methods. Fundamentals and Applications (2nd ed.); Wiley, 2001, p.335 )
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
RC-constant comparison1
Nippon Chemi-Con2
1.1 s
Maxwell Technologies
0.5 ÷ 0.7 s
Ioxus
~ 0.7 s
Nesscap
0.5 ÷ 0.7 s
BatScap
0.4 ÷ 0.5 s
Wima
~ 0.7 s
Yunasko
0.15 ÷ 0.20 s
1)
source: JME and ITS test results, also Producer’s site;
2) non-acetonitrile based electrolyte
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Recent Yunasko SC modules
15 V, 200 F:
max working voltage 16.2 V
max surge voltage 18.0 V
dc pulse resistance 0.5 mΩ
mass 2.5 kg
(equipped with voltage balancing
system and temperature sensor)
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Yunasko competitive advantage:
low heat generation
basic city duty cycle
ΔT:
cells in the centre
cells at the edge
Continuous cycling the module over 8 hours
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
YUNASKO hybrid device
Operation
voltage
2.7 ÷ 1.35 V
Capacity
1250 mAh
Weight
75 g
Operation
-40 ÷ +60 °C
temperature
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Yunasko hybrids - Ragone plot
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Hybrid capacitor cycle life
180
Charge/discharge 20A CC
Q/Q0
R/R0
160
Q/Q0 (R/R0), %
140
120
100
80
60
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
Cycle number
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Test results
Device
C,
ESR,
RC,
Energy,
Power
Match.Imped.
Power,
F
mW
sec
Wh/kg
(95% eff),
kW/kg
Maxwell Tech a
605
.90
.55
2.4
1.1
9.6
Maxwell Tech c
1200
.29
.35
3.9
2.5
22.5
Ioxus a
2000
.54
1.1
4.0
0.9
8.2
Ioxus c
3000
.17
.51
4.5
2.4
21.5
NessCap a
3160
.4
1.3
4.4
1.0
8.7
BatScap a
2680
.2
.54
4.2
2.05
18.2
Yunasko a,b
1200
.11
.13
4.6
9.7
85.9
Yunasko a,b
1500
.10
.13
4.6
9.2
81.9
Yunasko c
1200
.08
.10
4.3
11.0
95.3
6000
1.0
6.0
36
4.5
~40
2000
1.9
3.8
12
1.0
9.2
Yunasko-hybrid
JSR Micro a
a,c
kW/kg
a)
ITS test results;
b) JME test results;
c)
YUNASKO test results for BCAP1200 P270 K2, RSC2R7308 LR, SP4
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Conclusions
1.
Yunasko has found a method to significantly reduce ESR (US and
EU patents pending).
2.
Due to low ESR Yunasko devices demonstrate the highest power
density and do not require active cooling in many applications.
3.
YUNASKO hybrid devices based on mechanical mixture of LIB
and SC components provide the energy density of 36 W.h/kg
accompanied by low internal resistance and good cycle life.
4.
Optimal market niches for hybrid devices can be related with the
tasks that require the operation at high power but at the same
time specific energy of SC devices is not enough.
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power
and energy density
Acknowledgements
Special thanks to my R&D and Design Bureau colleagues:
Dr. Y.Maletin, Dr. S.Zelinskyi, Dr. D.Tretyakov, S.Chernukhin,S.Podmogilny,
S.Tychina, O.Gozhenko, A.Maletin, D.Drobny, and A.Slezin
Our Pilot Plant and Administrative Department:
For the great support, diligence and dedication to work
Many thanks to Dr. Andrew F. Burke (ITS) and Dr. John R. Miller (JME)
for their measurements and stimulating discussions
Financial support from FP7 Project # 286210 (Energy Caps) is very much
acknowledged
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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Please visit us at: www.yunasko.com
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