Glen Canyon: Paper 2 Tuesday, 17th April, 45 minutes
To revise:
EIAs
HEP
Techno and ecocentric values
World water hotspots
Write 5 sentences to summarise the problems people are
facing in five parts of the world.
1
2
3
4
5
Water shortage Part 1
Water shortage part 2
Watch these clips and add
annotations to the next slide.
World water hotspots –
Part 1:
Part 2: Spain
The world’s water budget
Insert a graph to show the percentages of fresh and
saline water in the world
Why is this a problem for the world’s people? Consider
what we use water for as well as issues such as
development, population growth and climate change.
Fresh water in the world
Find a graph that shows where the world’s freshwater
is.
2. List the freshwater sources in decreasing order of size
with the % next to each one.
3. What problem can you see from your table?
1.
Water inequality
Watch: A world without water
Answer the questions on the next slide on the first 12
minutes of the film, then continue making your own
notes.
Where is the film set: Place:
Country:
Continent:
How does the family get its water?
How do you get your water?
How many people in the world lack access to clean water?
How many people are there in the world? 7 billion
70 billion
What caused Vanessa’s brother to die?
How can not having water lead to death?
 1
 2
 3
Why can’t the family get water on tap?
Apart from the daily walk to get water and her brother dying from lack of clean water, how else does no access to
water affect Vanessa?
What proportion of the world’s population live in areas of water scarcity?
Why may this number increase?
Number of people in the world: increasing / decreasing / staying the same
Amount of water in the world: increasing / decreasing / staying the same
Therefore, amount of water per person: ncreasing / decreasing / staying the same
Millennium Development Goals: What did the UN commit to in the year 2000? By 2015, halving…
How can water be privatized? Companies…
How deep is the well in Rajasthan?
What has happened to the depth under the ground of the water table?
What might have caused this?
5 facts to show the inequality in water use in the world
1
2
3
4
5
Exam question: Describe the earth’s water budget
(Say where the water is in the world)
What is a turnover time?
The time for a water particle to enter or leave a part of
the system.
On average it takes a water molecule 37,000 years from
entering the ocean to leaving it.
It takes 12-20 days for a molecule of water to enter a river
and leave it.
How many days do you think there is from a molecule of
water entering the atmosphere to leaving it?
What water sources are renewable or replenishable and what
are non-renewable?
Renewable are those which take a year or less to be
replenished.
3 renewable:
7 non-renewable:
What is sustainable water use?
Humans use water in large quantities for:
1
2
3
4
Values: Which value groups would say these things?
……………………………………………: Use water resources
sustainably and nor diminish them to such a degree that
they are non-replenishable
…………………………………………….: Solutions can be found to
overcome our unsustainable use of water resources
Water conflict: the problems and solutions – mix and match
Problem
Solution
Crops need large amounts of water
Regulate maximum temperatures of
released cooling water
Fertilisers and pesticides pollute rivers
Restrict use of underground water
supplies
Industries release warm water into
rivers
Reduce the amount of water we use by
being more water-efficient
Aquifers are being exhausted
Use drought-resistant crops
Water used for irrigation evaporates
before the crops get it
Use organic farming methods and
restrict chemical use to the least rainy
times
Low river water levels
Use trickle systems rather than spraying
water on crops
Ecocentric solutions to water shortage: images
Recycling of water from showers/baths
Magic stones trick
Limit water use
Monitor water use
Afforestation
Efficient toilet systems (2 buttons, brick in cistern)
Technocentric solutions to water shortage: images
Cloud seeding
Drought-resistant crops
Water-efficient buildings e.g. recycle rainwater
Synthetic water production
Removal of chemicals from water before release from
factories
Dams
Desalination plants
Iceberg capture and transport
How do ecocentists and technocentrists differ in their approach to water
management? 8 marks
The water cycle: a systems diagram
 Draw a systems diagram of the water budget and cycle
showing the storages and flows.
 Make the boxes and flows correspond to the
proportions shown in the table on page 217.
 Label all stores and flows.
The Aral Sea (film clips and pages 220-221)
Where is it?
How has it changed over the last 30 years?
Why has it changed?
Was this sustainable water usage? Why or why not?
The Aral Sea
Social effects:
Economic effects:
Environmental effects:
Case study: The Aral Sea
Watch the 2 journeyman clips
Shrinking Sea
Watch this film clip, 6 years later.
Recovering sea?
Is this a sustainable solution? Why or why not?
Essay question: 30 minutes
a) Budget and conflict
b) Ecocentric
c) Technocentric