Get out ISN we are taking notes
• Content Objective: Students will demonstrate
comprehension of structure and function of the
skeletal system by writing about what they learn
during the powerpoint.
• Language Objective: Student will read about
structure and function of the skeletal system and
write examples for the types of bones and joints
found in the body.
• Quiz Friday
• Independent study projects due Next week.
• Need your Science Fair permission forms By Friday!!
Independent Study Projects Due Next Friday
Counts as a test grade failure to turn in results in a
zero as a test grade!!
1st Period
• IriAmin Holguin
• Daniela Mendoza
• Tristan Yin
4th Period
• Madilyn Davenport
• Chyanne Gregg
• Alecia Ramirez
5th Period
• Kynnedy Flannel
• Jack LeBato
• Jose Moreno
• Samantha Moreno
• Dulce Sosa
6th Period
• Paul Grundy
7th Period
• Chris Gonzales
• Cameron Lopez
The Skeletal System
The Skeletal System
• Definition:
– all the bones in the
body
Living or Non-living?
• LIVING– Proof: cells are found in bones, and all living
things are made up of cells.
The Skeletal System
Function
– forms an internal, living framework that
• provides shape and support
• protects internal organs
• Attach muscles so that they can move
• forms blood cells (bone marrow)
• stores calcium and phosphorous
compounds for later use
Bones
• Made of layers of living tissue
• Outer Layer: Covered with a tough,
tight-fitting membrane called the
periosteum
Compact Bone
•
•
•
•
Found Directly under the periosteum
Hard, strong layer Gives bones strength
Made of deposits of calcium phosphate
Contains bone cells and blood vessels
Spongy Bone
• Located at the ends of long bones
• Has many small, open spaces that make
bones lightweight
• It is filled with a substance called marrow
– yellow composed of fat cells
– red produces red blood cells
http://www.bmb.psu.edu
Cartilage
• Smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue
• Thick soft tissue covers the ends of bones
• Purpose: reduce friction b/w bones/acts as
a shock absorber
• Does not contain blood vessels or
minerals which makes it unable to
regenerate
Joints
• Definition:
– Any place where two or more bones come
together
Joints
• Bones at joints are separated by a thin
layer of cartilage so that they do not rub
against each other as they move
• Bones are held in place at joints by a
tough band of tissue called ligament
Types of Joints
• Immovable
– Skull
– Pelvis
• Moveable
– Pivot
– Ball & socket
– Hinge
– Gliding
Immoveable Joints
•
Allow little or no
movement.
– Examples: Skull,
Ribs, pelvis
Types of Joints
•Ball and Socket
Joint
•Bone with a
rounded end that
fits into a cuplike
cavity on
another bone
http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML
•Examples: Hip
and Shoulder
Types of Joints
•Pivot Joint
•One bone rotates
in a ring of another
bone that does not
move
• Examples:
radius/ulnar joint,
cervical joint
(cranium on the cervical
vertebra)
http://www.funhousefilms.com/b-pivot2.jpg
Types of Joints
•Hinge Joint
•Back-and-forth
movement like
hinges on a
door
•Examples: Elbow,
http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML
knees, fingers,
toes
Type of Joints
•Gliding Joint
•One part of a
bone slides
over another
bone
•Examples: wrists,
ankles, between
vertebrae
http://www.shockfamily.net/skeleton/JOINTS.HTML
Joint Problems
• Arthritis- describes 100 different diseases
of the joints.
– All forms begin with the same symptoms in
the joints
• Pain
• Swelling
• Stiffness