Bull & Bear Facts* Average gain in bull market: +155% Average length of bull market: 50 months Average loss in bear market: -27% Average length of bear market: 14 months Bull & Bear Markets * Based on data since 1956. See page 2 for more details. S&P 500 Index to February 2015 526% 118 months 520 160% 280% 61 months % Change (log scale) 280 225% 72 months 110% 108% 104% 48 months 90% 76% 43 months 60% 80 86% 52% 30 months 61 months 87% 72% 27 months 33 months 30 months 26 months 10%0 -15% -40% -40 -22% 17 months -16% -15% 8 months 14 months 6 months -29% -15% -17% 5 months 20 months -30% 19 months 3 months -43% -45% 21 months -51% 25 months -90% 16 months 56 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 Source: Mackenzie Investments (Bloomberg: month-end data points as at February 28, 2015; total return, local currency) 95 00 05 10 15 Bull & Bear Markets S&P 500 The Risks and Rewards of Investing • This chart represents the bull and bear markets in the S&P 500 Index since 1956. All bars above the line are bull markets; all bars below are bear markets. • For the purposes of this illustration, a bull (bear) market is defined as a positive (negative) move greater than 15% that lasts at least 3 months. • The first bar represents a bear market which, at its lowest point, dropped to -15% and lasted 17 months. This was followed by a bull market rising 104% and lasting 48 months. • Since 1956 there have been 11 bull markets and 11 bear markets. As can be seen from the chart, bull markets typically last longer and provide a more significant percentage change. • Bear markets during this period have averaged -27% and lasted only 14 months. Bull markets during this period have averaged 155% and lasted 50 months. This is the reward for accepting the risk of bear markets. According to the chart, markets spend more time in positive territory (bull) than negative (bear). • Bull markets are, on average, longer and more intense, providing a more significant percentage change. • On average bear markets are more brief, and yet engender fear. We believe that during these periods there are significant investment ‘bargains’ to be found. • Investor discipline during bear markets is critical. The information contained in this document has been prepared by Mackenzie Financial Corporation (“Mackenzie Investments”) using information from sources it believes to be reliable. However Mackenzie Investments makes no representations or guarantees as to the accuracy of any such information. MF3856 02/15 • 00893 Investor Behaviour