War of 1812 and Upsurge
of Nationalism
Theme: The American effort in the War of 1812 was plagued by
poor strategy, political divisions, and increasingly aggressive
British power. Nevertheless, the United States escaped with a
stalemated peace settlement, and soon turned its isolationist back
to the Atlantic European world.
Theme: The aftermath of the War of 1812 produced a strong
surge of American nationalism that was reflected in economics,
law, and foreign policy. The rising nationalistic spirit and sense of
political unity was, however, threatened by the first severe
sectional dispute over slavery.
Theme: Chief Justice John Marshall’s Supreme Court
strengthened the federal government by supporting a “loose
construction” of the Constitution, asserting the federal judiciary’s
power over state courts, and enforcing economic provisions ,in the
Constitution (interstate commerce, sanctity of contracts).
I. War of 1812
A.
Characteristics
1.
Canadian front
a. Failed Canadian Invasions,
1812-1813
Constitution
O. H. Perry
2.
b.
c.
New York front
a. Tom Macdonough at
Plattsburgh
3.
4.
5.
Chesapeake front
a. Francis Scott Key
New Orleans front
a. Andrew Jackson
b. Treaty of Ghent
Federalist Front
a. Hartford Convention
b. sectionalism
II. Era of Good Feelings
A.
Impact of the War
1.
i
B.
Clay’s American System
1.
2.
3.
James Monroe Revolutionary War Veteran
C.
D.
Tariff of 1816
a. 20-25% (protective trend)
b. Sectional debate
2nd BUS-Jeffersonians!
Internal Improvements
a. Calhoun’s Bill, 1817
b. Erie Canal, 1826
Election of Monroe, 1816
Panic of 1819
1.
2.
E.
Nascent Nationalism
a. Decline of dependence GB
b. Westward expansion
c. Political optimism
Overspeculation
BUS v. “wildcat” banks
Relection of Monroe, 1820
Era of Good Feeling?
Issue
Favor
Oppose
Tariff
West
North/South
Internal improvements
paid for by Feds
West
North/South
BUS or “expensive $”
North
West/South
Control the Indians
and sale public lands
West/South
North
Panic of 1819
Western hostility toward Northern Banks
Slavery
Increased sectionalism between North and
South
Growing West
North
West
VT (1791)
KY (1792)
LA (1812)
TE (1796)
MS (1817)
OH (1803)
AL (1819)
IN (1816)
IL (1818)
South
III. Missouri Compromise
A. Missouri Compromise
1.
Issues: maintain sectional balance
a. Tallmadge Amendment: no more
slaves
2.
3.
Provisions
a. Maine free and Missouri slave
b. 36’30’
Legacy of Compromise
B. Marshall Court, 1801-1835
1.
2.
3.
4.
Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
(1819)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
IV. Foreign Policy
A. Treaties
1. Rush-Bagot Treaty, 1817
2. Treaty of 1818
3. FL Purchase Treaty, 1819
B. Monroe Doctrine
1. Latin American
Revolutions
2. Anglo-American Alliance
3. Message to Congress:
Hands Off Europe!
4. Significance
U.S., 1821
Treaty of 1818: 49th
Treaty of 1818: Oregon
FL Purchase Treaty, 1819
•Spain cedes Fl to US
•US out Spanish America
•Spanish out of OR
Treaty of 1818:
fishing
Rush-Bagot Treaty, 1817
Map Questions
Use the maps and charts in Chapter 12 to answer the following questions
(answers are on next slide)
1.
Near which two Great Lakes were the major battles related to the
American invasions of Canada fought?
2. What were the only two states that voted contrary to the general
trend of their section in the election of 1812? (i.e. North vs. South)?
For the following questions use map on page 247.
1. After the Missouri Compromise of 1820, only two organized
territories of the United States remained eligible to join the Union as
slave states. Which were they?
2. As of 1821, how many slave states had been carved out of the
territory of the Louisiana Purchase?
3. After Maine was admitted as a free state in 1820, how many
organized territories were there north of the 36°30’ – that is, the
border between the slave and free territories?
4. As of 1821, which five slave states were north of the 36°30’ that was
intended to be the future northern limit of slavery?
For the following questions use maps on page 250-1
1. Under the British-American boundary settlement of 1818, which
nation gained the most territory (compared with the natural Missouri
River watershed boundary)?
2. Which organized American territory lay immediately north of West
Map Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Lake Erie and Lake Ontario
Vermont (north) and Maryland (south)
Florida and Arkansas
Two: Louisiana and Missouri
Only 1: Michigan
Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, Missouri
The U.S.
Mississippi