New Horizon College English Book 3
新视野大学英语3
Unit 3 Section A
Where Principles Come First
Comprehension of the title
Principle:
1.原理，原则
Four Cardinal Principles
Principle:2.（usu. pl.）准则，规范，引申为品格，品德
come first: be considered as more important than
anything else首要考虑的；最重要的
NBA, where amazing happens.
The Hyde School, where principles come first.
Discussion
what do you think a school should value the
most?
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Activity
• Assignments
1. publicity n. [U]
a. 关注 the attention that sb. or sth. gets from newspapers,
television, etc.
b. 宣传；推广 the business of providing information in
order to attract public attention
Word Building
public + -ity → publicity
adj.
capable + -ity → capability
suffi
x
abstract
noun
responsible + -ity → responsibility
I. New Words
1. publicity n. [U]
a. 关注 the attention that sb. or sth. gets from newspapers,
television, etc.
collocation: avoid/seek/attract/receive publicity
Example
许多明星秘密结婚是为了避免公众
和媒体的注意。
A lot of stars got married in secret
in order to avoid publicity.
I. New Words
1. publicity n. [U]
b. 宣传；推广 the business of providing information in
order to attract public attention
Example
音乐会事先没有做很多宣传，所以许多票没有卖出去。
The concert wasn't given much advance publicity
so that many tickets remained unsold.
I. New Words
2. cultivate vt.
a.培养
develop a particular skill or quality
b. 耕种，耕作 make land suitable for growing crops or plants
Example
这所学校旨在陶冶学生的心灵。
This school aims to cultivate the minds of all students.
那里的大部分土地太贫瘠，无法耕种。
Most of the land there is too poor to cultivate.
I. New Words
3. controversial adj.
有争议的；引起争论的 causing disagreement
collocation : a controversial person/decision/program/book
etc.
Example
现如今，越有争议的人物就越容易走红。
Nowadays, the more controversial a person
is, the more easily he or she becomes famous.
I. New Words
4.controversy n. [C,U]
争议，争论 a serious disagreement
collocation: arouse controversy; a controversy over/about sth.
Example
这项政策一经提出就引发了激烈的争论。
There's been a bitter controversy over the policy
ever since it was introduced.
I. New Words
5.suspend vt.
a. 暂停，中止 officially stop sth. for a short time
b. 悬；挂 hang sth. up
Example
两国政府都拒绝停止敌对活动。
Both governments are refusing to suspend hostilities.
I. New Words
5.suspend vt.
a. 暂停，中止 officially stop sth. for a short time
b. 悬；挂 hang sth. up
Example
躺在病床上，双腿吊挂的滋味可真不好受。
It was very uncomfortable lying on the
hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air.
I. New Words
6.energetic adj.
精力充沛的；充满活力的 full of energy; very active
Word Building
energy + -ic → energetic
n.
suffix
adj.
optimist + -ic → optimistic
economy+ -ic → economic
I. New Words
7.insult
a. vt. 侮辱；辱骂 say or do sth. that is rue and offensive to sb.
b. n. [C] 侮辱；辱骂 a rude or offensive remark or action
Example
当他们让我在后面的一张小桌旁落座时，我觉得受到了
莫大的侮辱。
I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little
table at the back.
如果我在你演讲时睡着了，别把那当作侮辱，我太累了。
Don't take it as an insult if I go to sleep during your
speech; I'm very tired.
I. New Words
8.curse
a. vt. 诅咒；咒骂 say bad things about sb. or sth.
b. n. [C] 诅咒；咒骂 an impolite word or words used to express
anger
Example
他没有接住球，便破口咒骂。
He missed the ball and cursed violently.
她诅咒了两句，然后又站了起来。
She gave a couple of curses and then got up
again.
I. New Words
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Activity
• Assignments
writing device: Questions
& Answers(问答法)
Where
Principles Come
First
Q1. What are the principles of
the Hyde School?
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A1. Paras. 1---2
Q2. What are people’s
attitudes towards the principles?
A2. Paras. 3---11
Q3. What are the specific
principles of the Hyde School?
A3. Paras. 12---16
Q4. What are the beneficial
results of the Hyde principles?
A4. Paras. 17---19
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Activity
• Assignments
First part (Question1 ): What are the principles?
A. Language points
B. Questions
Passage Reading
Para.1 The Hyde School operates on the principle that if
you teach students the merit of such values as truth,
courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern,
then academic achievement naturally follows. Hyde
School founder Joseph Gauld claims success with the
program at the $18,000-a-year high school in Bath,
Maine, which has received considerable publicity for its
work with troubled youngsters.
Para.2 “We don’t see ourselves as a school for a type of
kid,” says Malcolm Gauld, Joseph’s son, who graduated
from Hyde and is now headmaster. “We see ourselves
as preparing kids for a way of life—by cultivating a
comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.”
Main idea: the principles of the Hyde School
1. see…as :
将某人或某物视作 Consider someone or something to be
Example
员工们将新的经理视作公司的希望。
The employees see the new manager as the hope of the
company.
A. Language points
2. comprehensive adj.
综合的；全面的 including many details or aspects of sth.
Example
不要担心，我们将为你提供针对业务各个方面的综合
培训。
Don’t worry, we will offer you comprehensive training
in all aspects of the business.
Comprehensible: easy to understand
e.g. The book is written in clear, comprehensive
language.
A. Language points
Second part (Question 2 ):
What are people’s attitudes towards the principles?
A.Language points
B.Questions
Passage Reading
How did Joe
spread the
principles?
key word
Para 3 Now, Joe Gauld is trying to spread his
controversial Character First idea to public,
inner-city schools willing to useWhen
the did
taxthe
dollars
spent on the traditional program
for open?
the new
program
approach. The first Hyde public school program
reasons?
opened in September 1992. Within months the
program was suspended. Teachers protested the
program’s demands and the strain associated with
more intense work.
the result?
Main idea: Failure in spreading the Hyde principles.
strain :
n. [C,U]负担；压力 pressure caused by a difficult situation
Example
最近美元贬值给世界经济体系带来了更大的压力。
The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger strain
on the world economic system.
A. Language points
strain :vt.
1. 扭伤；拉伤 injure oneself by stretching a muscle too much
2. 使关系紧张 make a relationship tense
Example
不要在这种微弱光线下读书，否则会损伤你的眼睛。
Don’t read in such poor light, or you will strain your eyes.
Collocation: strain one’s eyes/voice/nerves/muscles
美国近期的一系列军事行动使得俄罗斯与美国的关系进一步紧张。
American’s recent military moves further strained
Russia’s ties with the US.
A. Language points
Para 4 This fall, the Hyde Foundation is
scheduled to begin aobserve
preliminary public
school program in Baltimore.
or watch Teachers will
be trained to later work throughout the
In spite
entire Baltimore system. Other
USof school
one’stoo. Last
managers are eyeing the program,
protests
fall, the Hyde Foundation opened
a magnet
program within a public high school in the
suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, over
parents’ protests. The community feared the
school would attract inner-city minority and
troubled students.
Main idea: The Hyde School principles are being
successfully spread and noticed
1. be scheduled to do: be arranged to do
Example
第十六届亚洲运动会订于2010年11月12日在广州举行。
The 16th Asian Games is scheduled to be held in
Guangzhou on November 12th, 2010.
A. Language points
2. magnet n. [C]
a. 有吸引力的人或物 sb. or sth. that attracts many people
b. 磁铁 an object that is able to attract iron and steel objects
Example
网上购物对许多白领女性很有吸引力。
Online shopping is a great magnet for white-collar ladies.
他用磁铁捡起了地板上所有的针。
He picked up all the needles on the floor with a magnet .
A. Language points
Para 5 As in Maine, the quest for truth is also
widespread at the school in Connecticut. In one
English class, the 11 students spend the last five
minutes in an energetic exchange evaluating their
class performance for the day on a 1-10 scale.
Para 6 “I get a 10.”
Para 7 “I challenge that. You didn’t do either your
grammar or your spelling homework.”
Para 8 “OK, a seven.”
Para 9 “You ought to get a six.”
Para 10 “Wait, I put my best effort forth here.”
Para 11 “Yeah, but you didn’t ask questions today.”
Main idea: at the school, the quest for truth is also
widespread.
1. quest n. [C]
探寻；寻求 a long difficult search
Example
没有什么能够阻止我们对真理的探求。
Nothing can stop us in our quest
for truth.
A. Language points
2. put…forth
show; bring something such as strength into action
Example
在医药领域工作的人应尽量保持干净
整洁的形象。
People who work in the medical
field should put great effort forth to
keep a clean, neat appearance.
A. Language points
Third part ( Question 3 ):
What are the detailed principles or approaches
advocated by the Hyde School?
A.Language points
B.Questions
Passage Reading
Para 12 Explaining his approach to education, Joe Gauld
says the conventional education system cannot be
reformed. He notes “no amount of change” with the
horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”. The
Hyde School assumes “every human being has a unique
potential” that is based on character, not intelligence or
wealth. Conscience and hard work are valued. Success
is measured by growth, not academic achievement.
Students are required to take responsibility for each
other. To avoid the controversy of other character
programs used in US schools, Gauld says the concept
of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the
students to accept a particular set of morals or religious
values.
.
What does the Hyde School assume?
1. conventional
传统的；常规的 of the traditional or accepted type
Example
他的观点太保守。
He is so conventional in his views.
他说了几句关于天气的客套话。
He made a few conventional remarks about the weather.
A. Language points
2. reform
a. vt.改革；改进 improve sth. by correcting errors, or make
a system work more effectively
Example
许多迹象表明他正在改过自新。
There are signs that he is reforming.
A. Language points
2. reform
b. n. [C,U] 改革；改进 a change made in order to improve
sth.
Example
目前的教育体制需要进行多方面的改革。
Many reforms should be made to the
present education system.
A. Language points
Para 13 The Hyde curriculum is similar to
conventional schools that provide preparation
for college, complete with English, history,
math and science. But all students are
required to take performing arts and sports,
and provide a community service. For each
course, students get a grade for academic
achievement and for “best effort”. At Bath,
97% of the graduates attend four-year
colleges.
Main idea: courses and management of the Hyde School
1. curriculum n. [C]
课程 (pl. curriculums or curricula) the subjects that
students study at a school or college
Example
英国所有的公立学校执行全国统一的课程设置。
All state schools in Britain follow a national curriculum.
A. Language points
2. preparation n.
a. [U] 准备；预备 the act or process of preparing sth.
b. (~s) 准备工作；筹备工作 arrangements for sth. that is going to
happen
Example
这次会议将需要很多准备。
The meeting will require a lot of preparation.
你的经历和所受的教育对你未来的事业是有益的准备吗？
Are your experience and education good preparations for
your future career?
A. Language points
3. complete with:
including; supplied with
Example
救援队员火速赶来，带来了救援器械和医疗急救箱等。
Rescuers came in great hurry, complete with rescue
equipment, first aid kit, etc.
A. Language points
Para 14 Commitment among parents is a key
What should
ingredient
in the Hyde mixture. For the student to
the parents parents also must agree to accept
gain admission,
do?
and demonstrate
the school’s philosophies and
outlook. The parents agree in writing to meet
monthly in one of 20 regional groups, go to a yearly
three-day regional retreat, and spend at least three
times a year in workshops, discussion groups and
seminars at Bath. Parents of Maine students have an
attendance rate of 95% in the many sessions. Joe
and Malcolm Gauld both say children tend to do
their utmost when they see their parents making
similar efforts. The biggest obstacle for many
parents, they say, is to realize their own weaknesses.
Main idea: a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture is requiring
commitment and participation from parents
1. mixture n. [C]
混合；混合体 a combination of two or more people or
things
Example
她的第一反应很奇怪，又高兴又愤怒。
Her first reaction was a strange mixture of joy and anger.
(In the text, “mixture” refers to the Hyde program
involves not only students and teachers but also
parents.)
A. Language points
2. admission n.
a. [U] 进入权；准许加入 permission to enter or become a
member of a school, club, etc.
Example
怎样才能获准引入白金汉宫？
How does one gain admission to the
Buckingham Palace?
A. Language points
2. admission n.
b. [C.] 承认；供认 a statement in which one admits that
sth. is true
Example
他们承认他们的报纸一直在愚弄公众。
They made the admission that their
newspaper had been fooling the public.
A. Language points
3. outlook n. [C]
a. 看法；观点；态度 one’s general attitude to life and the
world
Example
如果没有一个积极的态度，你怎么能够做好这件事？
How can you manage to do it well if you don’t have a
positive outlook?
A. Language points
3. outlook n. [C]
b. 前景；远景 what is likely to happen in the future
Example
做了母亲后你改变了你的职业规划吗？
Has motherhood change your career outlook?
A. Language points
4. attendance n.
a. [C,U] 出席人数 the number of people present
b. [U] 出席；参加 the act of being present
Example
他们希望有很多人出席大会。
They are expecting a large attendance at the meeting.
这学期你已经缺勤好几次了。
You have misses several attendance this term.
A. Language points
4. attendance
c. [U] 护理；照料 the act of waiting on sb.
Example
那位护士一直护理着那位病人。
The nurse is in constant attendance on the patient.
A. Language points
5. utmost
a. n. [U] 极限；最大限度 the greatest amount or degree
possible (collocation: do/try one’s utmost)
b. adj. 最大的；极度的 greatest; most possible
Example
我们的忍耐力受到了最大限度的考验。
Our endurance was tested to the utmost.
我需要和你谈一件极为重要的事情。
I need to speak to you on a matter of utmost importance.
A. Language points
Para 15 The process for public school parents
is still being worked out, with a lot more
difficulty because it is difficult to convince
parents that it is worthwhile for them to
participate. Of the 100 students enrolled in
New Haven, about 30% of the parents attend
special meetings. The low attendance is in
spite of commitments they made at the outset
of the program when Hyde officials
interviewed 300 families.
Main idea: difficulties
occur
in
carrying
out
the
requirements
The Buffalo Nickel
1. work out
a. 计划；设计；想出 plan, develop or produce by a process of
thought
b. 解决难题；找到…方法 find the answer to sth.
Example
我们应该制定出一个详细的时间表。
We should work out a detailed schedule.
我们的关系确实有些问题，不过我觉得我们可以不要别人的帮助，
而在我们两人之间解决。
We do have trouble in our relationship, but I feel that we can work
it out between us without others’ help.
A. Language points
2. at the outset: at the beginning
Example
你很难一开始就决定你要选择什么专业。
It is quite difficult to decide at the outset what kind of
major you want to choose.
A. Language points
Fourth part (Question4 ):
What are the beneficial results of the Hyde
School’s principles?
A.Language points
B.Questions
Passage Reading
Para 17 One former inner-city high school
teacher who now works in the New Haven
benefit can
program,What
says
teachers also benefit. “Here
teachers get from
we reallythebegin
to focus on having a fruitful
Hyde principles?
relationship with each student. Our focus is
really about teacher to student and then we
together deal with the... academics. In the
traditional high school setting, it’s teacher to
the material and then to the student.” The
teacher-student relationship is taken even
further at Hyde. Faculty evaluations are
conducted by the students.
Main idea: beneficial results for the teachers
1. Fruitful
n. 富有成效的 having many good results; successful
Example
这是富有成果的十年，也是各位默默奉献的十年。
This is a fruitful decade and a decade of
your devotion without any complaint.
A. Language points
2. faculty n.
a. [U] (AmE) 全体教员 all the teachers in the university, college or
school
b. [C] 能力；天赋 a natural ability to do sth.
Example
全体教员明天上午10点开会 。
The faculty is meeting tomorrow at 10 a.m.
尽管已经年过古稀，他仍保持着敏锐的思维能力和
评判能力。
All he is over 70 years old, he still keeps his
mental and critical faculties sharp.
A. Language points
Para 18 Jimmy DiBattista, 19, is amazed he will
graduate this May from the Bath campus and
plans to attend a university. Years ago, he had
seen his future as “jail, not college”. DiBattista
remembers his first days at Hyde.
Para 19 “When I came here, I insulted and cursed
everybody. Every other school was, ‘Get out, we
don’t want to deal with you.’ I came here and they
said, ‘We kind of like that spirit. We don’t like it
with the negative attitudes. We want to turn that
spirit positive.”
Main idea: using an example to show the beneficial results
for the students
kind of:
(spoken) slightly; to some extent; sort of
Example
我不知道为什么，但我有点替他惋惜。
I'm not sure why, but I feel kind of
sorry for him.
A. Language points
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Activity
• Assignments
IV Activity
Please create a short story or dialogue by
making use of as many new phrases and words
in this section as possible in an effort to
remember their meaning and usage.
publicity
cultivate
controversial
see…as……
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Activity
• Assignments
V Assignments
Structured Writing
Write a composition of no less than 120 words
on the following two topics which starts with a
general statement supported by an example.
Topic one: Exercise has unexpected benefits.
Topic two: Memory can be improved.
Thanks for your attention