Review
 As we have discussed in previous classes, there is a lot of
transition going on in the United States in this mid 1800 time
period.
 You have the end of the War of 1812 and the policy of the
United States in becoming more self reliant and self sustaining.
 You have the Northern part of the country progressing and
establishing a strong political hold on the country.
 The people and the politicians are excited about the economy,
the promise of new land with new wealth, no international
conflicts or wars and only one political party running the
country.
 Life is Good!
 In the South however, tension and animosity is building
Review
 In the South however, tension and
animosity is building.
 The South rightly views the Northern states and politicians as financial
opportunists.
 There is a strong political movement on behalf of the North to control the
South.
 The North has established “protective tariffs” in an attempt to control the
market value of cotton as a commodity.
 This benefits the economy of the North by keeping the raw product of cotton
inexpensive so the North could make a larger profit on their clothing.
 It also make cotton expensive to sell to US competitors which in turn would
drive up their final products compared to US made.
 The improved railroads, communication and roads are mostly benefiting the
North.
 The US Bank is also under the control of the North.
Review
 At this point the United States under the political control of the North
is in a very opportunistic situation.
 There is no internal conflict, the domestic economy is growing
stronger everyday.
 The politicians are more confident and brash in their desires to control
their own destiny.
 The idea of bigger,
stronger and wealthier
becomes a main
objective.
 Manifest Destiny and
the philosophy of
expansionism is also a
large part of this Era
of Good Feelings.
Review
 With the Election of James Monroe in 1816, the
Democratic Republicans take control.
 As you remember, the Federalist Party is
destroyed and is lost to history.
 The Democratic Party believes they are invincible
and Life is Good.
 Monroe appoints John Quincy Adams, the son of
John Adams as his Secretary of State.
 And it is with Adams again where the United
States begins to grow it’s boarders
 JQ Adams is a strong expansionist and seeks to
expand the boarders of the United States from
Coast to Coast.
 Irregardless of who owns or lives in these lands.
 It is the Destiny of the US to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific
Review
 It is Monroe's administration, through the directives of Adams that a
series of treaties are enforced which allows this to happen.
 Treaties mostly between the US government and a few European
countries which takes away lands from people and established
countries who happened to be in their way.
 The following treaties are examples of Monroe’s policy of
expansionism through John Q Adams
 The Rush Bagot Treaty
 The Adams Onis Treaty of 1817
 The Transcontinental of 1818
 The Monroe Doctrine
Rush Bagot Treaty
Convention of 1818
 The Rush-Bagot Pact was an
agreement between the United States
and Great Britain to eliminate their fleets
from the Great Lakes.
 The Convention of 1818 set the
boundary between the Missouri Territory
in the United States and British North
America (later Canada) at the forty-ninth
parallel.
 Both agreements reflected the easing of diplomatic tensions that had
led to the War of 1812 and marked the beginning of Anglo-American
cooperation.
 Although these agreements did not completely settle border disputes and
trade arrangements, they did mark an important turning point in the
American Canadian relations.
Adams Onis Treaty
of the 1817
 Also called the Transcontinental Treaty
of 1819, the Adams-Onis Treaty was
one of the critical events that defined the
U.S.-Mexico border.
 The border between the Spanish lands
and American territory was a source of
heated international debate.
 Facing the fact that they must negotiate with the United States or
possibly lose Florida without any compensation, Spain signed the
treaty with the United States which drew a definite border between
Spanish land and the Louisiana Territory.
 In the provisions, the United States ceded to Spain its claims to Texas
west of the Sabine River. Spain retained possession not only of Texas,
but also California and the vast region of New Mexico. At the time,
these two territories included all of present-day California and New
Mexico along with modern Nevada, Utah, Arizona and sections of
Wyoming and Colorado.
The Monroe Doctrine
 Monroe Doctrine, is the cornerstone of U.S.
foreign policy which was proclaimed by
President James Monroe in his annual
message to Congress in 1823.
 In declaring that the Old World of Europe and the
New World of the United Sates had different
systems and must remain distinct spheres, Monroe made four basic points:
1. The United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars
between European powers.
2. The United States recognized and would not interfere with existing
colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere.
3. The Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization.
4. Any attempt by a European power to oppress or control any nation in the
Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act against the United
States.
The Monroe Doctrine
 The Monroe doctrine was an outgrowth of concern in both
England and the United States that the continental powers
would attempt to restore Spain’s former colonies, in Latin
America, many of which had become newly independent
nations.
 The United States was also concerned
about Russia’s territorial ambitions in
the northwest coast of North America.
As a consequence, George Canning,
the British foreign minister, suggested a
joint U.S.-British declaration forbidding
future colonization in Latin America.
1763 – 1800 Expansionism