Flame tests
Flame tests are used in chemistry to identify the metal ions in compounds. A small amount of the
compound being tested will be held in a flame and the colour given off observed.
The colour is caused by the movement of electrons in the metal ion. When heated, the electrons gain
energy, and ‘jump’ up an energy level; however, they quickly fall back down to their original energy
levels, releasing the extra energy as light as they do so.
The arrangement of the particular elements electron shells determines the wavelength of light released
and gives the characteristic flame colours of different metal ions.
Compound
Strontium Chloride
Barium Chloride
Calcium chloride
Sodium chloride
Potassium chloride
Copper chloride
Colour