Our English Heritage, Chapter 2.1
Essential Idea:
1. The _____________________________ was a cultural movement in England in
the 1600s. This movement believed that __________________ and
_________________ could make society better.
2. When people came to America, they brought new ideas about __________,
_____________, and human _______________.
The Magna Carta
1. For centuries, England was ruled by an ______________________________.
2. In 1215, people __________________ against King ____________.
3. The people forced King John to sign the ________________________, which
was a document that granted certain _____________ to the people and limiting
the _______________ of the __________________.
Parliament
4. In the late 1300s, England had a ___________________, which is a ________making body. This was called _______________________.
5. The Parliament gained so much power that in 1688 they __________________
the monarch (King James II) and replaced him with King William and Queen
Mary.
6. Parliament then created a _______________________ in 1689. This restricted
the power of the _________________ and listed people’s _______________.
7. America copied England’s idea that the _________________ were more
powerful than the ___________.
Philosophers of the Enlightenment
1. __________________________ a. Locke believed that people had ____________ rights, such as
_________________, _________________, and _________________.
He also believed that no _______________________ had a right to take
these rights away.
b. Locke also believed in a _________________________, which meant that
people give up a part of their ___________________ in exchange for
_________________ from the government.
2. ______________________________ a. Montesquieu believed that there should be ___________________
branches of government that _______________ each other. This way, no
part of government could become too ___________________.
3. Today, we can see the ideas of Locke and Montesquieu in the
_______________________________ and the _________________________.
How did the Enlightenment translate to America?
The House of Burgesses
1. In the 1600s and 1700s, England began establishing ________________ in
America. A __________________ is a group of people in one place that is ruled
by a government located _________________.
2. In 1607, the first English settlement was made in _______________. The town
was called _____________________.
3. In 1619, the colonists in Jamestown formed the
_______________________________. This was the _____________ legislature
in the English colonies! However, it had ________________ power.
4. This marked the beginning of _______- government in America.
The Mayflower Compact
1. In 1620, the “___________________” settled in what is now called
___________________.
2. They came over on a boat called the _____________________.
3. On they way, while still on the boat, they wrote a plan of __________________,
and called it the _____________________________.
a. The Mayflower Compact established a ____________ democracy. This
meant that colonists would have _________________________ and vote
on issues. Only __________ that owned ________________ could vote.
Eventually, there were ______ colonies in America. Each colony had a
_____________________ and a ________________________. Members of the
legislatures were elected by the _______________. As the colonies grew, colonists got
used to making their own _____________________.