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Age of Absolutism Vocabulary
ruler with complete
authority over the
government and lives of
the people he or she
governs
absolute monarch
belief that a ruler’s
authority comes directly
from God
divine right
French, inherited throne
in 1643 (at age 5), divine
right, Sun King
Louis XIV
French, appointed by
Louis XIII as his chief
minister, sought to
destroy Huguenots
Cardinal Richelieu
legislative body made up
of representatives of the
three estates in prerevolutionary France
Estates General
royal French residence
and seat of government
established by King Louis
XIV
Versailles
England, first Stuart
government in which a
monarch, clashed with
constitution or legislative
Parliament over money
body limits the monarch’s
and foreign policy,
powers
clashed with Protestants
Limited Monarchy
James I
England, inherited the
throne in 1625, absolute
monarch, signed the
Petition of Right
Charles I
uncrowned heir to the
throne after Charles I
died, named king after
Cromwell’s death
Charles II
supporters of Charles I
(wealthy nobles)
Cavaliers
supporters of Parliament
(country gentry, towndwelling manufacturers,
Puritan clergy)
Roundheads
Name:
Roundheads leader,
skilled general, defeated
the Cavaliers, named
leader of English
Commonwealth after
Charles I death
Oliver Cromwell
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England, forced to sign
the English Bill of Rights
William and Mary
series of acts passed by
the English Parliament in
1689 that limited the
rights of the monarchy
and ensured the
superiority of Parliament
English Bill of Rights
Bloodless transition of
power from James I to
William and Mary from
1688-1689 which
established Parliaments
power over the monarchy
Glorious Revolution
glorification of the
military
Militarism
Russia, first Romanov tsar
in 1613, westernized
Russia, modernized the
military
Peter the Great
capital city and major
port that Peter the Great
established in 1703
St. Petersburg
adoption of western
ideas, technology, and
culture
Westernization
title of the ruler of the
Russian empire
Czar/Tsar
German princess, married
Russian heir, husband
killed and took the
throne, also western
focused like Peter the
Great, expanded territory
into Poland
Catherine the Great