Review Sheet – Atoms and the Period Table
Element
Atomic Number
# of Neutrons
Magnesium
Carbon
Xenon
Rubidium
Aluminum
Sulfur
12
6
54
37
13
16
12
6
77
48
14
16
# of Energy
Levels
3
2
5
5
3
3
1.
Find the average atomic mass of Lithium:
Li-6
7.42%
Li-7
92.58%
6.9258 amu = 6.93 amu
2.
Draw a Lewis Dot Diagram of the following atoms.
Cl
3.
+2
-4
0
+1
+3
-2
Ba
Draw a Bohr Model of the following atoms. Too hard to do on the computer.
S
4.
Pb
Oxidation #
Al
Na
Give the oxidation numbers for the following ions:
P-3
O-2
Ar none
Al+3
Sn+4
Be+2
5.
List the number of facts you know about electrons.
 Electrons closest to the nucleus have the least amount of energy
 Electrons farthest away from the nucleus have the most energy – valence e Have a negative charge
 Have insignificant mass and volume
 Reside in the 99.996% of the atom outside the nucleus
 Can’t tell where an electron is at any moment in time – the uncertainty principle
 There’s more – the list could be long!
6.
What is Dalton’s Atomic Theory?
 All matter is made of atoms that cannot be divided, created, or destroyed.
 During a chemical reaction, atoms of one element cannot be converted into atoms of
another element.
 Atoms of one element are identical to each other but different from atoms of
another element.
 Atoms combine in specific ratios – even, whole number ratios.
7.
Write the Orbital Notation and the Electron Configuration for:
After Argon, you can use the noble gas configuration for the electron configuration
and orbital notation like I did with Barium. I just did Lead the long way to show you
what it would look like. This is electron configuration. The ON would be too hard to
do on the computer.
Iron
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6
Argon
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
Oxygen
1s2 2s2 2p4
Lead
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 6f14 5d10 6p2
Barium
Xe
6s2
I. STATES OF MATTER
1.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
3. thermal energy
5. solid
7. liquid
9. gas
11. plasma
13. diffusion
15. sublimation
17. Heat of Fusion
II.
1.
3.
5.
7.
9.
11.
13.
15.
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
density
hardness
brittleness
tensile strength
buoyancy
Boyle’s Law
Gay-Lussac’s Law
ductile
2. temperature
4. heat
6. allotrope
8. phase change diagram
10. evaporation
12. boiling point
14. Heat of vaporization
16. Melting point
2. viscosity
4. elasticity
6. malleability
8. fluids
10. Archimedes Principle
12. Charles’ Law
14. Combined Gas Law
16. pressure
Calculations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Density
Boyle’s Law
Charles Law
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Combined Gas Law
D = mass/volume
P1V1 = P2V2
V1/T1 = V2/T2
P1/T1 = P2/T2
P1V1 = P2V2
T1
T2
3
7. 1g H2O - 1mL H2O = 1 cm H2O
8. 1 g/mL = 1 g/cm3
9. How to convert between area units and volume units
Things to Know:
1.
2.
3.
The 4 states of matter and the characteristics of each
How temperature affects density
How temperature affects the volume of a gas
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
How pressure affects the volume of a gas
How pressure affects temperature of a gas
How pressure is created
Phase Change Diagram
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Rules for Gas Laws – STP, converting oC to K,
reporting answer in significant digits and in scientific notation
History of the Atomic Model
The dry ice and pipette activity
Electron Configuration and Orbital Notation
Oxidation Numbers
How to calculate average atomic mas
How to determine the number of protons, neutrons, electrons
Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
Significant Digits
Bohr model for the representative elements
Lewis Dot diagram for elements