Name________________________________Date_________________#_____
Social Studies: Ch. 4 Review
Directions: Fill in the blank with the word(s) or phrase that best completes each
sentence.
1. Columbus sailed west on his first expedition to find a________________route to
the ________________.
2. Columbus made more voyages to the West Indies to:
a. Start a_______________in the West Indies
b. Deliver________________and________________ to the new land
c. Gain________________of the land for Spain
3. The Columbian Exchange is the moving of________________and their ways
of________________between the________________ and ________________
Hemispheres.
4. Results of the Columbian Exchange:
a. Europeans brought________________, cattle, sheep, and pigs to the
________________Hemisphere
b. Europeans enjoyed new________________, such as corn, potatoes,
tomatoes, cocoa, and________________
c. Many Indians________________from overwork and
the________________brought over by the Europeans.
5. Columbus’ voyage impacted the Americas because he showed the
________________the way to the________________.
6. The factors that enabled Cortès to defeat the Aztecs were
metal________________, ________________, ________________,
and________________.
7. After Cortès conquered the Aztecs, ________________conquered the Incan
empire.
8. ________________was founded after the defeat of the Incan empire.
9. In Spain’s search for the gold, the FIRST event to occur was that
________________traveled the American Southwest.
10. After Estèban’s death, ________________continued the search for gold
in________________, which is now New Mexico.
11. The groups in New Spain’s colonial society from most powerful to least
powerful are:
a. ________________
b. ________________
c. ________________
d. ________________
12. On an encomienda, an Indian often worked without________________and was
expected to become________________.
13. Spanish landowners wanted to keep slaves because the slaves made
them________________.
14. Las Casas wanted all slavery to________________.
15. Imaginary parallel lines that run in a north-south direction are called lines
of________________or________________.
16. The ° symbol in 45°N means________________, and the “N”
means________________.
Directions: Choose 4 of the following questions to answer in complete sentences.
1. What sequence of events led to the Columbian Exchange?
2. How did having allies help Cortès conquer the Aztecs?
3. Why do archaeologists today find evidence of the ancient Aztec capital right in
the center of Mexico City?
4. The Spanish explorers conquered Indian empires to gain land and riches. How
do you think the Aztec and Incan people may have felt about these events?
5. What was colonial society like in New Spain?
6. How did Spain become one of the most powerful countries in the world in the
1600s?