The Fall of China’s Last Dynasty I. Unpopular Regime A. ___________ Dynasty (1644-1911) was founded by ____________ invaders. B. Contact between Han and Manchus _______________. C. China was ___________________________________. II. European Influences A. _______________________________ 1. Europeans had to _______________and ____________ to trade in China. 2. Europeans could only trade with ____________________________. B. Opium Trade 1. England bought _____________________________, but China bought ____________________________, creating an ______________________ of trade for the English. 2. England imported ______________________ into China from _____________ (___________________________ trade). 3. After ten years of battling opium, emperor took drastic actions. a. Europeans ____________________. b. ______________________ of opium destroyed. c. Addicts _______________________. 4. ______________________ (1839-1842) a. England ____________________________________________. C. Treaty of _____________________ 1. Ended _______________________. 2. First of the “_____________________”, which favored the ___________. 3. _________________________ to European trade. 4. Gave England _____________________ as a colony. D. European Influence Grows 1. __________________- areas of China controlled by Europeans and Japan. 2. __________________- foreigners couldn’t be tried in Chinese courts. 3. __________________- US failed policy to open all of China to trade. III. _________________________ (1851-1864) A. Causes 1. _______________________________ 2. Changes caused by _____________________ B. Leader 1. __________________________, a village __________________. 2. Thought he was ___________________________. C. __________________________________________________ 1. ____________________________ gained by rebels. 2. ________ of China taken over. 3. Promoted __________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________. D. Outcomes 1. _________________ helped crush rebellion. 2. ____________________ dead. 3. Qing Dynasty ____________________. 4. _______________________ influence increased. IV. Population and Ecology A. Population increased by _______ %, but cultivated land only increased by _______%. Statistics 1741 population 142 million 1851 population 432 million 1701 farmland 8 million ching 1850 farmland 10 million ching (1 ching = 15 acres) B. Famine 1. _____________led to _____________ from 1876 to 1879. 2. Government was ___________________ to help. 3. _____________________ died V. Poor Leadership A. ___________, the ________________________________ 1. ____________________ who produced the emperor’s ______________. 2. She was the “___________________________” while her son and nephew were emperor. 3. She supported the _______________, the “________________________ _____________________________” who unsuccessfully rebelled against _____________________ in 1900. 4. At the time of her death, she chose _____________, the emperor’s ________________________ nephew, as the new emperor. B. Pu Yi, the Last Emperor 1. Took the throne in 1908 at age of three. 2. Abdicated after the _______________________________ of 1911. 3. Later ruled _________________________________as a puppet of the ____________________government during ________________. 4. Spent his last years in Communist China as a ____________________ __________________________. VI. Republican Revolution of _______________ A. ________________________: European-trained _______________ who led the revolution. 1. Sun’s Three Principles of the People a. _________________ b. _________________ c. _________________ B. _______________________: Manchu general who became _______________ _________________________________________________________________. 1. Tried to make himself ________________. 2. Died in 1916, throwing country into _____________.