TABLE OF CONTENTS
Personnel
vi
Publications and Reports
ix
Introduction
I.
xv
Physical Electronics
Electron Emission Problems
Effect of a Magnetic Field and of a Unidirectional Heating
Current on Thermionic Emission from Molybdenum
Physical Electronics in the Solid State
1
Surface States on Semiconductors
2
Experimental Techniques
Spectral Emissivity of Tungsten
3
3
5
5
Microwave Gaseous Discharges
7
Highly Ionized Plasmas
7
Experimental Determination of the Frequency of Electron
Loss in a Microwave-Maintained Plasma
7
High-Frequency Breakdown in Magnetic Fields
10
Microwave Determination of Plasma Density Distribution
12
Plasma Diamagnetism
13
Inhomogeneous Magnetic-Field Design
16
Solid State Physics
Breakdown of Single-Crystal Germanium with Zinc Impurities
at T = 4°K by Microwave Electric Fields
IV.
1
1
Ion Generation, Electron Energy Distributions, and Probe
Measurements in a Low-Pressure Mercury Arc
III.
1
Characteristics of Junctions in Germanium
Gaseous Discharges
II.
1
Microwave Spectroscopy
25
25
26
Design Values and Results for Molecular-Beam
Microwave Spectroscope
26
State Selection
27
Ammonia Maser
30
Efficiency of Frequency Measurements
32
Nuclear Relaxation
34
Atomic Recombination
35
Paramagnetic Relaxation
35
Versitron:
35
180'-Pulse Technique
Micromodulator
36
CONTENTS
V.
VI.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Hyperfine Structure
Molecular Motion in Solids
38
Unequal Populations of Closely Spaced Energy Levels
in Atoms Excited by Electron Impact
39
Magnetic Dipole Moment and Isotope Shift of Radioactive Hg 1 9 7
41
Use of Analytic Wave Functions in the Determination
of Nuclear Moments; Application to the Quadripole
Moment of B 1 1
42
Microwave Electronics
Theory of Mode Coupling:
VII.
VIII.
46
A Summary
46
Cavity-to-Helix Coupling
47
Current Growth in Multicavity Klystrons
48
Hollow-Beam Klystron
52
New Method of Measuring the Correlation between KineticVoltage and Beam-Current Fluctuations
52
Beam Loading at Highly Relativistic Velocities
55
Atomic Beams
61
A Small Titanium Ion Pump (TIP)
61
Crystal Oven Temperature Control
66
Statistical Communication Theory
68
Shaping Correlation Functions with Nonlinear
No-Memory Networks
68
A Theory of Signals
72
Properties of Second-Order Correlation Functions
79
Time-Domain Synthesis by Area Approximation
79
An Analog Probability Density Analyzer
87
IX.
Process Analysis and Synthesis
X.
Processing and Transmission of Information
XI.
38
89
101
Improvement of Rise-Time Characteristics of
Degraded Waveforms
101
Information- Lossless Circuits
101
Transistor and Diode Studies
104
Dielectric Modulators
104
Crystal Admittance Measurements
107
CONTENTS
XII.
XIII.
XIV.
Noise in Electron Devices
The Characteristic Noise Matrix for Equilibrium
Networks and Maser Amplifiers
112
Low-Noise 30-mc Amplifier
115
Characterization of Probability Distributions for
Excess Physical Noise
116
Statistical Thermodynamics
XVI.
XVII.
117
Canonical Distribution for Independent Random Variables
118
Speech Analysis
Mechanical Translation
131
Generation of Nominal Compounds in English
133
Communications Biophysics
135
Cortical and Peripheral Responses to Vibratory Stimulation
of the Cat's Whiskers
135
Cortical "Off" Responses to Bursts of Noise in
Unanesthetized Cats
139
Evoked Cortical Responses and Anesthesia
142
The "Early" Response to Clicks in Awake Subjects
144
Development of the K-Complex with Sleep
148
Electronic Switch for Studies of the Auditory System
150
Neurophysiology
Circuit Theory
Network Synthesis
Synthesis of Sampled Signal Networks
XX.
121
131
A Predetection Diversity Combiner
XIX.
121
Present Status of the Research
Membrane Properties
XVIII.
117
Theory of Phase Equilibrium
Speech Pitch-Information Extractor
XV.
112
Microwave Theory
152
152
153
153
156
156
160
Analysis of Bilateral, Two-Port Networks by Three Arbitrary
Impedance or Reflection-Coefficient Measurements
160
Geometric-Analytic Theory of Noisy Two-Ports
163