60 seconds…
• Write down anything you want– we will not
be sharing out loud
Personality is…
• Characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling,
and acting
– It is what makes us unique
• Psychoanalytic
– Childhood sexuality
and unconscious
drive personality
• Humanistic
– Inner capacities for
growth and selffulfillment drive
personality
Today – focus on biological roots, nurture of environment, self-serving bias, and
cultural influences
Psychoanalysis –
NOTHING IS ACCIDENTAL
• Freud
– Hypnosis (lacked something, think testing…)
– Free association
– Personality is – what arises from
conflict between impulse and
restraint
• What does that mean?
Where else did we talk about Freud this year?
So how do we break into our unconscious?
What is our unconscious?
Just for
reference if
you need it…
So let’s go back to his definition of
personality again
• Arises from the conflict between impulse
and restraint
– Which is the biological function, which is the
social contrast?
Psychoanalytical
Personality
Development
• Freudian stages
• (id dominated)
– Psychosexual phases
thru erogenous zones
Psychosexual
Stages Chart
Freud
Applications
• Oedipus or Electra
Complexes
What is anxiety?
• What role does the Ego play in anxiety?
• Unresolved conflicts = fixation on a
psychosexual phase
Defense Mechanisms – reduce/redirect
anxiety by distorting reality
•
Repression
– Underlies ALL OTHER DM’S
– Seen thru dreams and slips of the tongue
•
Regression
– Homesick from camp/college
– Thumb sucking
•
Reaction formation
– I hate him/her because I love him/her.
•
Projection
– She or he doesn’t trust me = I don’t trust myself
•
Rationalization
– “Social drinkers”
•
Displacement
– Everyday of your teenage life…
•
Denial
– S/he would never cheat on me…
– It’s going to be different this time…
Neo-Freudians
•
Took basic ideas and
a. Focused more on consciousness
b. Discussed items outside of sex and
aggression
Alfred Adler
• Childhood is important, focus on
social not sexual tensions
– Inferiority complex
– Fictional finalism
• The ends justify the means
• all men created equal
– Birth order studies
•
•
•
•
•
PRONOUNCED HORN-EYE
Basic anxiety studies
3 ways we relate to others (toward, away, against)
Womb envy
Childhood anxiety caused by dependent child’s
helplessness
– Triggers desire for love and security
– Believed Freud to be SUPER biased
Carl Jung
• Less emphasis on social,
more on repression
• Archetypes (self, shadow)
• Collective unconscious
– Why are people spiritual?
• Who do you mourn more
and why?
– Victims of Sandy Hook?
– Collateral damage of 22
victims in Afghanistan?
Assessing the unconscious
• Projective tests
– TAT: Thematic Apperception Test
– Rorschach Inkblot
Why can’t I trust my husband?
Rorschach Inkblot
• Highly subjective
• Today used as an icebreaker in
psychoanalysis
• Inner feelings or mindset linked to
interpretation of inkblot
Criticisms of Freud/Psychoanalysis
• Freud and Ford
• But!
– Where’s the social aspect?
– Cultural aspect?
– Evolutionary traits?
• Loftus studies and repression vs. false
memory
Where is Freud correct?
• We have limited access to our minds
• The unconscious goes into…
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–
–
–
–
–
–
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Two track mind
Schemas
Priming
Split brain
Parallel processing
Implicit memories
Emotions before analysis of event
Self concept and stereotypes
• Defense mechanisms and false consensus effects
Conclusion
• WE DEFEND OURSELVES AGAINST
ANXIETY
– How do we go about doing that? I don’t
know… ask Freud.
• Application
– Terror management theory
What is going through your mind?
Terror Management Theory
– People explore emotions and have certain
behavioral responses when dealing with
impending death